Effect of Light in The Stranger and One Day in the Life...

The light in the two novels The Stranger and One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich(One Day) has an animalistic effect on the protagonists. In The Stranger, Meursault complains about the intensity of sunlight. His nature is not a light friendly one, he becomes distracted and begins to sweat under intensive light. Meursault may in several ways be compared to a bat, confused and irritated by light, though when in a dark environment, he is able to concentrate and focus. On the other hand, Shukov from One Day experiences light as mental freedom from the dark camp. Light allows him to hope for a better future for him and everyone in the camp. Shukov shows animalistic features as well, as he wakes with the sun rising and ends his day with the†¦show more content†¦Meursault is aware that this applies to the current situation equally as to everything in his life up to that point, which has been a Yes or No situation he simply accepted without disobeying this. The fact that he was ab le to make such a realization under relatively intensive sunlight is odd for his character. Later on The scorching blade slashed at my eyelashes and stabbed at my stinging eyes. Thats when everything began to reel. The sea carried up a thick, fiery breath. It seemed to me as if the sky split open from one end to the other to rain down fire. (The Stranger, 59) Meursault represents an existentialist existence. That he was able to make a life-changing realization, but later on is not able to control his mind when the situation becomes real, shows how he is directed by the glaring sun. In the dark Meursault is himself, as soon as he is surrounded by light though, his self is pushed aside and he is physically as well as mentally lead by a different force over which he has no control. Shukov as well as Meursault shows physical and mental reactions to light: Every nerve in his body was taut, all his longing was concentrated in that cigarette butt -- which meant more to him now, it seemed, than freedom itself†¦ (One Day, 24-25) His mind and body are focused on the glowing light of the cigarette butt, it

Education in France Essay Example

Essays on Education in France Essay The paper "Education in France" is a delightful example of an essay on education. France is the second-largest country in Europe. It is also among the countries that enjoyed immense power and d influence in the past. In fact, one may argue that France had immense and continues to change the world. That is, in terms of culture and education more specifically. France is the fourth most populous nation. Over half of her population resides in cities. As a result, France has a very high percentage literacy rate of up to 99%. Consequently, like other technologically developed countries, France’s rate of population growth has been slow especially after the second world (Gutek, 1993). The rate of farming activities has reduced even though agriculture is an important sector of the French economy. Moreover, the fact that about 33% of the land in France is arable under the country’s temperate climate. The land availability has led to a more urbanized France. Urbanization accompanies an increase in technological advancement. The advancement influences positively on French education by mounting technological secondary schools as well as the vocational schools.The irony is that French society is both customary and contemporary it is laissez-faire and at the same time conformist. In addition, it is religious and at the same time secular. Regardless of these paradoxes, the French distinguish their country as a culturally unsurpassed leading light of the world culture. The impression that the French had a mission to civilize the world has had a profound influence on French education. The phenomenon is evident through France’s activities in the eighteenth cent ury. During this period, the French language rose to the eminence of ousting Latin as the international diplomatic language (Gutek, 1993).The French were of the view that culture and common language gave them French identity. Educationalists emphasized the responsibility of schools in broadcasting and upholding language decorum, cultural tradition, and preservation of the French identity. The French system of education has seen to it that France thrives in its multicultural, multiethnic and multiracial character. France as a nation assumes the responsibility for service delivery in the education system since the creation of the modern revolution. Policymakers within the state recognize the need to modernize education and make it influence the economy positively.

Contemporary Issues in Western Religions Essay Sample free essay sample

The Judaism historical connexion was the belief that people have a particular relationship or bond between themselves and God. This signifier of covenant demands absolute obeisance in return for his approvals. and God in return will hear and reply his or her supplications. Judaism stems from the root for both Islam and Christianity. The supreme Godhead portrayed as God is without beginnings. gender or signifier. Hebrews frequently perceive God as a loving God even though he is olympian and Godhead. Judaism. Islam. and Christianity normally follow Abrahamic faith. following his or her history to the understanding that God made Abraham the Apostle. Muhammad the Prophet spoke to Christians and Jews throughout his life-time. and the faith of Islam created communicating with both monotheistic belief throughout Islamic history. nevertheless. Islam. and Christianity was a creative activity that involves many of Judaism beliefs and instructions. Hebraism. Christianity. and Islamic faiths have the same religion and belief in his or her relationship with God. These western faiths carry a traditional monotheistic manner that characterizes his or her beliefs in one â€Å"God. These three faiths have a necessary demand to put really of import facts that God that creates the celestial spheres. the Earth. and there is no other God. A monotheistic belief was a creative activity stemming from the Middle East with the Islamic people maintaining most of their patterns and belief in common with Christianity and Judaism. These western faiths worships the same God. acknowledges the being of the Ten Commandments. they pattern the same rites and idolizing. For Example: â€Å"The western faith believes in fasting. giving to the hapless. and go toing supplications services during certain times of the twenty-four hours. Judaism. Christianity. and Islam offer the same sets of ethical motives that can regulate the Hebrew race. Religious patterns alteration. harmonizing to what is within each country’s fraction. denominations. and the mental province of each person’s development toward lasting figures. For illustration partner. parents. or siblings can make specific symbols. imposts. spiritual patterns. and traditions sometimes form fond regards to certain relationship with God. The persons must reexamine and comprehend his or her chief mortal relationships that can rule the personal perceptual experience of themselves in the eyes of God. The western faith Christianity. Islam. and Judaism perceive both immortal and mortal relationships that can act upon spiritual Torahs and texts. These three western faiths Judaism. Islam. and Christianity perceive â€Å"God† as a godly figure who can be antiphonal and available at any given clip. Western faith seeks these certain behaviours and constructions harmonizing to God. and maintaining supplication as the chief spiritual tradition. Peoples must comprehend God as a safe and unafraid unit that can do sense in the universe. Hebraism. Christianity. and Islam belief can make his or her ain personal value systems. Harris. Marshall. and Schvaneveldt say that â€Å"Prayer. without inquiry. appears to be the most common and most powerful spiritual fond regard behaviour shared by Judaism. Christianity. and Islam† ( Harris. Marshall. Schvaneveldt. Pg. 8 ) . Regardless. the difference in the three faiths stem from Abraham seeing God in all three beliefs and throughout Hebrew heritage. Contemporary Struggles between Judaism and Christianity – With clip people. topographic points. theories. divinity evolved. This holds true to the faiths of Judaism and Christianity. These two different divinities were at one clip firm the same. These Religions held and still keep many similarities to this twenty-four hours. Harmonizing to Sadmel D. The Christian Reclamation of Judaism â€Å"We portion a common Bible. we believe in the same God. we have similar moral Values. Jesus was Judaic. and. for better or for worse. we have lived together for about 2000 years† ( 2005 ) . Although the modern-day battles between these two Religions took topographic point after the decease of Jesus Christ. it is merely after the decease of Jesus ; the outgrowth of Christianity begging’s and began to distribute their new beliefs in the Greco-Roman universe. At this clip the development of Christianity starts and can be distinctively different and separates Judaism. The separati on among the Religions took old ages to germinate and had many important mileposts that created the division. One battle that faced these conflicting Religions is the belief that Jesus was the Messiah. After his decease. Christians genuinely believed he was the Messiah. This was written in the New Testament. which is another modern-day battle that divides Judaism and Christianity. Judaic followings are still waiting for the Messiah. Judaism and Christianity today are looked at every bit two separate entities. Each Religion can larn from past disclosures with the purest of intents. With an indifferent political orientation. Jews. and Christians can larn of their yesteryear and understanding their true beginnings. A different expression at the battles and issues between Judaism and Christianity we take a closer expression at Christianity. Christianity is a faith built on a life and words of Jesus of Nazareth. besides known as Jesus Christ. Christianity founded on the thought of personal redemption and the rescue from wickedness and ageless life for its followings. There are many battles within the faith of Christianity get downing with the birth of Christ. Peoples did non believe he was born of a virgin or believed he was the boy of God. Even after Jesus crucifixion on the cross and returned for a minute on Earth people still did non believe he was the christ. Christianity has alone battles that divide the faith and do some degree of dissension. The two major jobs within Christianity are some people do non understand the contexts in the Bible and make non take clip to fellowship with God. The Bible is its head sacred text. and there are three chief subdivisions: Roman Catholicism. the Eastern Orthodox Church. and Protestantism. Modern Christianity farther divided into an estimated 22 thousand different denominations. It is likely the most divided faith in the universe. Christian religion is the world’s largest faith with 2. 1 billion followings all around the Earth. The life and workss of Jesus portrayed in the Gospel were considered the bosom of Christianity. The favoritism of adult females is another modern-day battle and issue among the three faiths. One inquiry frequently asked of non-Muslims is do Muslim adult females in the Muslim receive baronial intervention in the universe today? Unfortunate the reply is no. There is a broad spectrum of attitudes toward adult females in the Muslim universe today. Attitudes differ from one society to another and within each single society. The first way of divergence among the societies is more conservative. restrictive. and traditions-oriented. whereas the 2nd is more broad and Western-oriented. The societies that have digressed in the first way dainty adult females harmonizing to the imposts and traditions inherited from their forbears. These traditions deprive adult females of many rights granted to them by Islam. Womans were treated harmonizing to criterions different from those applied to work forces. â€Å"This favoritism pervades the life of any female: she is received with less joy at birth than a male child ; she is less likely to travel to school ; she might be deprived any portion of her family’s heritage ; she is under uninterrupted surveillance in order non to act immodestly while her brother’s immodest Acts of the Apostless are tolerated ; she might even be killed for perpetrating what her male household members normally boast of making ; she has really small say in household personal businesss or community involvements ; she might non hold full control over her belongings and her matrimony gifts ; and eventually as a female parent she herself would prefer to bring forth male childs so that she can achieve a higher position in her community† ( Leonard J. Swidler. 1976. p. 115 ) . There are Muslim societies that have been swept over by the Western civilization and manner of life frequently copying whatever they receive from the West and following the worst fruits of Western civilisation. A typical â€Å"modern† woman’s top precedence in life is to heighten her physical beauty. She tends to care more about her organic structure than her head and more about her appeals than her mind. Her ability to appeal. attract. and excite were more valued in the society than her educational accomplishments. rational chases. and societal work. Her spiritualty has no room in a society preoccupied with her attraction â€Å"There is a broad spread between what Muslims are supposed to believe in and what they really pattern. This spread is non a recent phenomenon. It has been at that place for centuries and has been widening twenty-four hours after twenty-four hours. This of all time widening spread has had black effects on the Muslimuniverse manifested in about all facets of life: political dictatorship and atomization. economic retardation. societal unfairness. scientific bankruptcy. and rational stagnation† ( Leonard J. Swidler. 1976. p. 115 ) . The place of adult females in the Judaism-Christian tradition might look scaring by our late 20th century criterions should be viewed within proper historical context. There can be no uncertainty that the positions of the Rabbis and the Church Fathers sing adult females were influenced by the prevailing attitudes toward adult females in their societies. The Bible itself was written by different writers at different times. An illustration. in the Old Testament the criminal conversation Torahs are so biased against adult females that they defy rational account by our outlook. If we consider that the early Judaic folks were obsessed with their familial homogeneousness and highly eager to specify themselves apart from the environing folks and that sexual merely misconduct by the married females of the folks could endanger these precious aspirations. we can understand the grounds for this prejudice. A proper apprehension of the Judaism-Christian historical context is besides important for understanding the significance of the parts of Islam to universe history and human civilisation. The Judaism-Christian tradition were influenced and shaped by the environments. conditions. and civilizations in which it had existed. The hapless position of adult females in the Judaism-Christian universe by the 7th century is merely point. The Quran described the mission of the new Messenger as a release for Jews and Christians from the heavy loads that had been upon them: â€Å"Those who follow the Messenger. the analphabetic Prophet. whom they find mentioned in their ain Scriptures–In the Law and the Gospel– For he commands them what is merely and prohibit them what is evil ; he allows them as lawful what is good and prohibits them from what is bad ; He releases them from their heavy loads and from the yokes that are upon them† ( 7:157 ) . Islam should non be viewed as a rival tradition to Judaism or Christianity. It is regarded as the consummation. completion. and flawlessness of the Godhead messages.The Quran compactly has considered the interaction of adult male and adult female as one intent of creative activity: † O world We created you from a individual brace of a male and a female. and made you into states and folks. that you may cognize each other† ( 49:13 ) . Islam. merely as Judaism and Christianity can be viewed as a faith that had vastly improved the position of adult females and had granted them many rights that the modern universe has recognized merely this century. Islam still has much to offer today’s adult female: self-respect. regard. and protection in all facets and all phases of her life from birth until decease in add-on to the acknowledgment. the balance. and means for the fulfilment of all her religious. rational. physical. and emotional demands. Attitude Toward Merchants and Trades – â€Å"First. the high person and community cost of educating kids in subsistence agriculture economic systems prompted voluntary transitions of Jews that accounted for a portion of the decrease from 4. 5 to 1. 2 million. Second. the Judaic husbandmans who invested in instruction gained the comparative advantage and inducement to come in skilled businesss during the urbanisation in the Abbasid imperium in the Near East. and they did choose themselves into these businesss. Third. as merchandisers the Jews invested even more in education—a stipulation for the mailing web and common tribunal system that endowed them with trading accomplishments demanded all over the universe. Fourth. the Jews generated a voluntary diaspora within the Muslim Empire and subsequently to Western Europe. Fifth. the bulk of universe Jewry lived in the Near East when the Mongol invasions in the 1250s brought this part back to a subsistence farming economic s ystem in which many Jews found it hard to implement the spiritual norm. and therefore converted. as it had happened centuries earlier. † ( JEL: J1. J2. N3. O1. Z12. Z13 ) Factors specific to medieval Jewry helped the Radhanites get monopolies. For illustration. Moslems were excluded from European markets. and Christians were virtually barred from Islamic Waterss ; merely Jews could go as commercial agents in both kingdoms. In add-on. like all Jews. the Radhanites could be assured of cordial reception among co-religionists dispersed all along their transcontinental path through North Africa and Asia every bit good as in the European backwoodss. Piracy. which colored all facets of sea commercialism. was a portion of the go oning holy war between Islam and Christendom and was particularly active near Byzantine shore and in the eastern Mediterranean in the 11th century. Hebrews captured by plagiarists could number on ransom and deliverance by fellow Jews in the country when they were brought to a slave market. by and large deprived of all ownerships including the apparels on their dorsum. In decision we can see there are many differences and similarities between Judaism. Christianity. and Islam faiths. The battles and issues are legion. and this paper can merely turn to a really little part of them. We can besides presume that many of these battles and issues will go on for old ages or centuries to come. Mentions Sadmel. D. ( 2005 ) . The Christian Reclamation of Judaism. Judaism. 54 ( 3/4 ) . 251-262.World Religions: Almanac written by Michael J. O’Neal and Sydney Jones( 2007 ) Thomson Gale. a portion of The Thomson Corporation. Leonard J. Swidler. Women in Judaism: the Status of Women in Formative Judaism ( Metuchen. N. J: Scarecrow Press. 1976 ) p. 115. Thena Kendath. â€Å"Memories of an Orthodox youth† in Susannah Heschel. erectile dysfunction. On being a Judaic Feminist ( New York: Schocken Books. 1983 ) . pp. 96-97.Swidler. op. cit. . pp. 80-81.Rosemary R. Ruether. â€Å"Christianity† . in Arvind Sharma. erectile dysfunction. . Womans in World Religions ( Albany: State University of New York Press. 1987 ) p. 209.For all the expressions of the outstanding Saints. see Karen Armstrong. The Gospel Harmonizing to Woman ( London: Elm Tree Books. 1986 ) pp. 52-62. See besides Nancy van Vuuren. The Corruption of Women as Practiced by Churches. Witch-hunters. and Other Male chauvinists ( Philadelphia: Westminster Press ) pp. 28-30. MentionHarris. W. V. . Marshall. J. P. . A ; Schaneveldt. J. D. ( 2008. Spring ) . In the Eyes of God ; how affiliated theory informs Historical and Contemporary Marriage and Religious Practices among Abrahamic Faiths. Journal of Comparative of Family Studies. 39 ( 2 ) . 259-278.

Product and Promotion Plan for the Vectra Company

This research paper explores and identifies business opportunities in existence in India for the VectraCompany based in France. The promotion and product plan show that the Road Pavement Industry can provide many attractive opportunities for Vectra if it enters into the Indian market.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Product and Promotion Plan for the Vectra Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The perfect choice for penetration in the Indian market for Vectra would be via joint ventures or strategic partnerships with companies within and without its sector of operations. As indicated in the findings, the Vectra Company is well positioned to penetrate the Indian road construction market and become an equal competitor of the international road companies operating in this dynamic industry. Besides, the many ongoing road projects in India will ensure that its operations are sustainable in the long term. The company has the advantage of technology, fair prices, good equipment, and competent personnel. However, Vectra could find itself facing minor bottlenecks in terms of change in the environment of operations. The Vecta Company will need to modify its equipment to suit the Indian road industry. For instance, the company will have to modify or acquire compatible right hand road equipment unlike in France where the road equipmentis left handed. With an already existing structure in France, the Vectra Company should apply cauterization of marketing channels alongside a strong financial arm. The opportunities available outweigh the challenges. Putting into consideration of the external and internal dynamics, the Vectra Company should enter the Indian road construction market in the next 16 months. Introduction This paper seeks to establish a meticulous research and documentation of the results of the possibility of the Vectra Company to establish its operations in the Indian market in an attempt to expand its geographical quarter of operations. Besides, the essay will integrate the company background, entry strategies, feasible marketing mix, and socio-cultural segmentation of the India road construction market. This comprehensive report will present the most cost effective and sustainable approach that the Vectra Company will adapt to implement the above concepts in relation to the current and future orations in the Indian road construction industry. Also, this paper attempts to present a detailed analysis of the action plan of the company, and its choice of penetration technique into the Indian road construction market. Notwithstanding, the marketing needs are explored within the detailed and workable blend that the company might employ to determine the suitability of India as a new market.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Marketing Objectives F or foreign investors such as Vectra in the Road Engineering Industry, market entry into India must be aligned to competitiveness, efficiency, and sustainability. In the case of the Vectra Company, the ideal entry mode would be through joint ventures. Hence, it will be highly recommended that Vectra enters as a Joint Venture, as it possesses a specialized knowledge that can be very beneficial for the local market, particularly in large and complicated projects, to provide their valuable services. A joint Venture entails advantages that can be beneficial to Vectra as a foreign investor. For example, it can establish distribution, take advantage of the available financial resources of the Indian Partners and establish contacts with the Indian business leaders of the industry. This will ease the process of setting up the business operations. Indian has a reputation of setting high legal expectations of a business which would otherwise be a repellant to investors (World Bank, 2007). Less legal hurdles are to be experienced by the Vectra Company. The company will have to recruit an Indian native expertise in government regulations to safeguard its interests and minimize possible conflicts during its period of operation. Besides, the expert will give the company a bill of health to confidently negotiate for contracts with the government of Indian since he or she will be the contact person. From the audit of the general audit of the Indian infrastructure plans, it was learned that the Indian Government have initiated many ambitious projects and plans and currently, many are still in the pipeline for future implementations. Based on the unique Vectra know-how, the market opportunity, the first experiences of diversification, there is a real opportunity but as well a need for Vectra to grow and consolidate its positioning within the Indian market. The three key axis of growth in term of the inorganic growth should be investigated such as consolidating the equipment sale s, consolidating the services and finally, and supplementing and complementing the existing Vectra offer in the joint partnership proposals. As this type of B to B activity requires long term relationship development, the inorganic growth will be the important axis of development. In the priority will be to sell service contracts, which are a persistent source of businesses and of cash flows vs. equipment market. As a result, this will ensure continuous flow of revenue streams besides the opportunity it presents for the Vectra Company to reduce the costs of running this business over time.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Product and Promotion Plan for the Vectra Company specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Based on what is known about the Indian road construction industry, any leading road engineering company like Vectra that specializes in road pavement management would have an EBIT between 12% and 14% of sales annually. With realistic revenue growth projection of 13.5% in sales by 2016, the management of the Vectra Company will be able to further improve the marginal annual returns as the company penetrates the industry. The Vectra Company has a better margin rate because it consists of two departments which are the road engineering department with net margin of 14% and the sales equipment department with a net margin of about 23%. Furthermore, with the mix of favorable project mix and better productivity, the gross margin and EBIT are likely to improve. Hence, this will allow Vectra to have a better financial vision if it is to move into an India Road Management Industry. The potential companies that the Vectra business may partner with include the Delhi Road Masters and the Aryan Conglomerate Venture. These companies operate in the same industry as Vectra and are the best in offering road construction support logistics and services. Product adaption and modification The Vectra Com pany in India will sell services using its exclusive products approach. Therefore, a compatible service delivery approach must be streamlined with the objective and long term goals within the Indian market. However, the Vectra’s equipments should be modified to be compatible with the native Indian technicians who will form the bulk of its workforce. Tentatively, the company may resort to offering training to the local technicians for machines which are too expensive and cannot be replaced or modified. As a foundation of the expertise, data acquisition is a major step of the overall process. The Vectra Company has to transport its auscultation fleet, Deflectographe Lacroix, EPR, Griptester, Ecodyn, Radar, Amac and Astra to India and make sure that it has enough equipment in this country (Vectra, 2010). The on-board technology doesn’t need any adaptation or modification since its operational module has universal standards for all countries. Minor modification may be requ ired in the external body of the vehicles. For instance, the company will have to purchase or modify the steering position since Indian roads supports right hand driving unlike the left hand driving in France. On insurance and law requirements in India specifications, it is a guarantee that the Vectra’s equipments will pass the tests since these policies are more thorough in France than India. With a French insurance certification, the company is sure to import its equipments without any major interference by the Indian government.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thanks to the acquired data, Vectra’s Engineers will process the data through its specialized software; the road maintenance issues are similar for all paved roads in France and in India. These maintenance issues include dry-wells and drainage problems, grading and gravelling issues, potholes and asphalt breaking up. Therefore, the outputs will be understandable to the local customer. The software can actually be used in English and can provide outputs in English thus it doesn’t need to be translated. Once the data are processed, Vectra’s Engineers will assist the customer in its road reconstruction process. This consulting step has to take into consideration the cultural factor. An Indian customer doesn’t act as a French customer does therefore Vectra’s consultants and engineers on the ground have to be trained on local customs and therefore should know how to anticipate Indian customer behavior. As indicated in the marketing description part, Vec tra’s best entry to the Indian market is to create a joint venture or strategic partnership with a local company. In this case French and Indian technicians or engineers will have to work together to produce the best results. This cultural part must be taken into consideration and some intercultural events must be organized to encourage employees’ intercultural adaptation. Unlike the French market, Indian market has the dynamics of culture which are more defined. In fact, most of the government agencies have a unique Indian culture of protocol in business. For the social dimension of the evaluation of the Indian market, it is necessary for the company to tailor its activities to suit the acceptable cultural norms. Comprehensively, it would be necessary to establish how conversant the people of India are to technological advancements constantly changing a cross the global arena. The answers to this question could be relative as it depends on the country’s technol ogical advancement. Research has it that India though very populous, have a high percentage of the literate in its population. This population will provide skilled and unskilled labor to the Vectra Company. The English language used in these two countries also are basic and comprehension would not be a deterring factor. The fact that the participants of the trade activity from either country share a common language will facilitate the entry of the Vetra Company. Reflectively, the Hofstede’s cultural dimension is more defined in India than II France. Promotion Mix As Vectra’s business is based on B2B model, the company’s promotion and advertising activities should include usage of all marketing tools of B2B Marketing Mix in order to promote their services. With its decided joint partner(s), the company will recruit a marketing company that will have the responsibility of marketing its services across the regions of India (MacKay and McKiernan, 2004). This strateg y is likely to be successful since the contracted company will have better knowledge of the industry, requirements, and approach to minimize conflict as a result of different perceptions (Roberts, 2005). Also, placement of publications in industry and trade media would maximize the increase in awareness about the company. Target magazines would be: Construction World India (CW), MBM Media, Roads Bridges, and Construction Week (Top10 Companies in India, 2013). In the initial stages, public conferences, seminars and workshops need to be organized for potential customers where individuals from organizations can express concerns, voice feedback, and get acquainted with the Vectra’s services. A minimum of 4 seminars in 3 locations including Mumbai, Bangalore, Hyderabad and Delhi over 3 months are required. One of Vectra’s primary marketing and advertisement objectives must be to capitalize on their extensive knowledge within the road pavement management field and establish their credentials as a revered leader in the industry. The company’s key aspect is to build loyalty and trust towards the brand. The company’s superiority in comparison to its competitors must be clearly established. Social media will be used as a promotional tool to place brand in the digital sphere (Alder, 2008). Presence in professional social media websites such as LinkedIn can be used to advertise the company’s international presence and publish research papers in order to increase Vectra’s perception of being a thought leader amongst its industry peers located in India such as PNC Infratech Ltd, Gammon India and Ramky Infrastructure Ltd (Meclabs, 2011). As an additional promotional tool, Vectra can host annual parties/events and invite target clients along with existing clients in order to enhance the company’s reputation. In terms of personal selling, Vectra can appoint trained sales executives to attend seminars and expos in order to appro ach target customers and generate business. The main message of Vectra in its advertising campaigns will revolve around the creation of increased value with the adoption of Vectra’s high-end quality services for road maintenance activities, which would eventually lead to increase cost savings (Travis, 2007).With regards of the estimated costs involved in marketing and promotional activities, Vectra initial budget should range between â‚ ¬895,020 and â‚ ¬1,022,000 roughly amounting to 7% or 8% of the company revenue. Approximately 50% would be allocated towards trade shows and social events. 10% towards e-mail marketing and additional optimization of website design. The remaining percentage would be directed towards direct mail, telemarketing and social media and print advertising as summarized in Appendix 1. Recommendations As the Indian government seeks to re-invent the economy and restore investors’ confidence, Indian market currently enjoys a relatively peacef ul and economically stable business environment. Factually, the Indian nation seems to be embracing the spirit of globalization and economic liberalization with an upbeat positive mood of better focused economic growth accompanied by development. Thus, it is recommended that Vectra should maximize the available opportunity to establish a structurally feasible marketing program as it has the advantage of knowledge on the Indian market segmentation and demand trends in the road construction industry. In line with periodic marketing analysis, the entry should be fast tracked within a period of not more than 18 months. Conclusion The Indian RPM market is full of opportunities for Vectra since it already has the equipments and personnel to operate in the Indian market. The company will have to modify some of the equipments to be compatible with the Indian roads. Since the company’s majority of workers in the India will be the native Indians, it is necessary for the company to esta blish a continuous training program. In order to actively promote its activities, the Vectra Company has to aggressively utilize specialized media sources. In addition, Vectra’s contracted marketers will have to increase their visibility through cueing the minds of target clients through the big billboards and posters all over the major regions of India. The proposed entry method that is ideal for Vectra is the joint venture model. It is significant for the company to have an experienced native Indian contact person who will double up as its lawyer. Reflectively, the Vectra Company should immediately enter the Indian market to reap maximum benefits from the opportunities that are skewed to its advantage. References Adler, A. (2008). International dimensions of organizational behavior (5th ed.). Mason, OH: Thomson South-Western. MacKay, B., McKiernan, P. (2004). The role of hindsight in foresight: Refining strategic reasoning,Futures, 36(1), 161-179. Meclabs. (2011). Allocati on of Marketing B2B budgets. Web. Roberts, J., (2005). Defensive marketing: How a strong incumbent can protect its position. Harvard Business Review, 83(11), 150-210. Top10 Companies in India. (2013). Construction companies. Web. Travis, T. (2007). Doing business anywhere: The essential guide to going global. Hoboken: John Wiley Sons. Vectra. (2010). Acquisition des donnà ©es. Web. World Bank. (2007). Doing business 2008: comparing regulation in 178 economies. New York: World Bank Publications. Appendix 1: Promotion and Marketing Budget Vectra Company Promotion and Marketing Budget 2015 2016 2017 Allocation for Marketing 500,000 400,000 300,000 Less Costs: Advertising 200,000 160,000 120,000 Trade Shows 250,000 200,000 150,000 eMarketing 50,000 40,000 30,000 Total 500,000 400,000 300,000 This research paper on Product and Promotion Plan for the Vectra Company was written and submitted by user Kristen Knight to help you with your own studies. 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Oka Crisis, 1990 essays

Oka Crisis, 1990 essays Frequently in Canada, Aboriginal peoples rights and title to land have been disregarded as the government forces compliance from them. They are dealt with unfairly by the administration that directs this country as several of their claims to land and resources go unnoticed or are retracted when the government chooses. It is treatment like this that harvests frustration in a person, which in turn, leads to fanatical behaviour and violent outbursts similar to the one that transpired in the Municipality of Oka in 1990. When various levels of government failed to come to terms with the issue of land claims with the Mohawk people of Kanesatake and a golf course expansion was planned to go on their land, they decided to take action. It seemed unlikely that these residents of Oka would be able to achieve any results by using conventional methods of participation, so they decided to take a more radical approach. Many feel that this manifestation of anger was a logical and inevitable out come of five hundred years of inequality, but what did it accomplish? The events of the Oka crisis can be viewed as a success on some levels, but also as a failure on others. Several Aboriginals believe that the standoff was successful in drawing attention to Aboriginal issues on land rights, as others that watch the events from the outside feel that the serious issues that provoked the Oka crisis have not been resolved. This essay will examine what led up to and occurred that frightful summer, as well as describe the organization of the event and analyse how it succeeded and how it failed. The crisis began in the community of Kanesatake, where the Mohawk people live. The area is located west of Montreal in Oka, Quebec, with this small municipality only having a population of 1549 people and the Aboriginals making up a great segment of it. The Mohawk community does not officially have claims to the land ...

Disproportionate Minority Contact Essays

Disproportionate Minority Contact Essays Disproportionate Minority Contact Essay Disproportionate Minority Contact Essay Jake Huston 11116850 Criminal Justice 205 10/30/11 Research on police and prosecutors reveals that uniformly they disagree that discrimination occurs in their agency and office. What then explains the disproportionate minority contact that occurs and the disparate treatment within the prosecutor’s office? Although police and prosecutors may contend that discrimination does not occur within their agency but that does not mean discrimination doesn’t occur. The facts show that minorities are targeted much more than whites. There are many factors that contribute to this. I don’t believe it is any one agency that specifically targets minorities but rather the criminal justice system as a whole. The interplay between the media, the criminal justice system, and the public has a huge influence on discrimination within the system. Another big factor in the disproportionate minority contact is the fact that the poor, troubled inner cities are filled with mostly minorities. The culture within these poor neighborhoods perpetuates a crime mentality that becomes an easy target for the criminal justice system. I argue that the discrimination doesn’t come from a racial bias but rather from the criminal culture created in poor areas. The media has a lot of power over the criminal justice system. The media’s ability to change public perception is a key element in the discrimination we see in the police and prosecutors agencies. As the media plays up an issue the general public responds with fear. This in turn puts pressure on police to crack down on the issue. The police widen the net and arrest more offenders for lesser crimes. This makes it appear that crime goes up due to the increased number of arrests. The media communicates this to the public and people become even more concerned. This causes legislators to make changes in the laws such as mandatory minimums. We are all exposed to the discrimination portrayed in the media. Most people describe the typical criminal as a young black male. Most people think this way because it is what we see being covered on the news. In the video Law and Disorder in Philadelphia the policemen said they are able to tell right away who is a criminal and who isn’t. This is blatant discrimination. The video also shows that the police are concentrated in poorest parts of Philadelphia that have the most crime. These projects are filled with minorities. If the police are concentrated in the poor areas with minorities and not in the predominantly white suburbs there will obviously be more minorities being arrested than whites. The culture of the inner city greatly helps to perpetuate crime. Thomas Winston in the documentary Life and Death of a Dealer talked about how growing up he felt that there was no option besides crime. He started selling drugs at the age of 13. He also said that a dealer can make $15,000 a week but working minimum wage only yields about $110. (1) In the book Code of the Street by Elijah Anderson he describes how the culture in the streets is accepting of drug trafficking. On page 110, subchapter THE CULTURAL ECONOMIC CONNECTION, Anderson says that the lack of jobs has made the underground economy an easy and lucrative industry to enter. He talks about how a family whose main concern is paying bills wont let the criminality deter them. If you can’t find a job you are going to find some way to make money. This acceptance of criminality creates many problems. In Law and Disorder in Philadelphia the cop says that he couldn’t point out one house in the neighborhood that isn’t involved in the heroin trade. This is possible because of the culture in very poor area. (2) Anderson refers to the book the Philadelphia Negro written by W. E. B. Du Bois in 1899. Du Bois said that the â€Å"submerged tenth† is characterized by irresponsibility, drinking, violence, robbery, thievery, and alienation. He also said that the problem that kept young African American men from jobs is a lack of education, connections, social skills, and white skin color. These are all true today, over 100 years later. People in these neighborhoods don’t trust the police and generally refuse to help them in any way. People here don’t live by the same code of ethics that the rest of society does. (3) Anderson says the â€Å"code of the street† is a set of informal rules governing impersonal public behavior, particularly violence. This is evident in the first chapter as he describes a trip down Germantown Avenue in Philadelphia. At the top of the street is the upper class area people stroll down the street openly with no fear. It is racially diverse where you see blacks, whites, and all other races mixing socially. The buildings are all very well maintained. As you move down the street into the poor area the buildings start to see bars and the windows, they look rundown and some have even collapsed. It becomes much less racially diverse and the street corners and open areas are filled with mostly young blacks. The middle and upper class blacks from up the street do not associate themselves with the lower class. 4) On pg. 50 Anderson tells about how he overheard a black person mutter â€Å"street nigger† to a black friend after they had a small altercation with a low class black. This shows that the middle and upper class does not associate themselves with the poor and that there is a distinct cultural difference. Everyone here has a much different attitude. Instead of the carefree strolls up the stree t you see everyone â€Å"watching their back†. There is a flagrant disregard for laws in this area. (4) Anderson talked about seeing a young teen walking through Vernon Park drinking a beer in broad daylight. This is something I would never expect to see in a park near my home. After reading Code of the Street and watching both videos I can easily see why there is the disproportionate minority contact in the criminal justice system. The poor inner city is filled with crime due to lack of opportunity. People are going to do whatever they have to do to survive. Since the inner cities are filled with minorities they are the ones targeted by police. If the inner city were filled with white people, there would be the same criminal culture.

Organizing slp Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Organizing slp - Essay Example The process of organizing requires the collective efforts of all stakeholders in an organization, from top management to the most junior of employees. In other terms, managers and employees must work together to come up with the objectives of an organization and create systems that would assist in the achievement of these objectives in an efficient manner (Stephen & Coulter, 2005). A systematic approach that involves critical thinking is required in this process since it creates the executive plan of a company. The Organizing Function The organization design process starts with identification of a strategy from with a clear statement of purpose and vision for an organization. Such a strategy is important as it unites all employees towards achieving their personal and organizational goals. It also encourages actions that are geared towards attaining these goals and discourages activities that go against these objectives (Stephen & Coulter, 2005). Though creating a strategy is a planni ng process and not organizing, it is essential since it brings together all employees and defines roles clearly. Organizational structure is vital since it defines the relationship between people while at the same time defining their roles and responsibilities (Stephen & Coulter, 2005). ... First is work specialization or job enrichment, which refers to the extent to which a business divides its job into distinct tasks (Stephen & Coulter, 2005). By this division, an organization aims at ensuring that demanding jobs are not done by an individual; instead, a job is broken into smaller parts, each handled by different workers (Stephen & Coulter, 2005). Hence, each employee specializes in doing his/her part, which results in reduces job duplication, improved the productivity of every employee, and reduced conflicts among employees where roles are not clearly defined. Work specialty hence improves the overall performance of an organization. The second and third factors are departmentalization and chain of command respectively. Departmentalization, which could be functional, product or geographical, depending on the needs of an organization, should form the basis on which tasks are grouped together. On the other hand, chain of command implies the continuous line of authority, which extends from the top management to the lowest-level employees. In essence, it dictates who reports to who in an organization hence refers to the authority, responsibility and unity of command in an organization (Stephen & Coulter, 2005). The other organizing factors are span of control and centralization or decentralization. Whereas span control defines the number of ranks and managers that an organization has and indicates the number of employees under every manager or supervisor, centralization and decentralization determine the type of control in an organization (Stephen & Coulter, 2005). That is, whether control is by a few people or a large group. There are different designs

Explain the Meaning of the Four Noble Truths Essay

Explain the Meaning of the Four Noble Truths - Essay Example This truth helps us understand that we should be realistic and seek to better understand suffering inorder to lessen it when it occurs (Molloy 133). The Second Truth: Suffering generally comes from Desire When Buddha took the time to analyze suffering, he found that it is often experienced due to our nature that is rarely satisfied what we may happen to have. The Sanskrit word â€Å"trishna† can invariably be translated to mean craving which is seen to suggest both the fear of loss as well as an addiction (Molloy 133). The Third Truth: To Ending Desire will End Suffering Although this truth is seen to generally contradict a number of western notions that encourage one to try and achieve every imaginable desire, its guiding principles are seen to essentially be true. Buddha himself left his family and possessions and taught his followers that their desire for any form of attachments would invariably result in their suffering. Although it might be impossible or difficult to chan ge the entire outside world, I can be able to sufficiently change how I view the outside world by changing myself (Molloy 133). The Fourth Noble Truth: Release from Suffering is Possible The ultimate goal of the entire Buddhism religion is for one to be able to attain nirvana which suggest inner peace, liberation as well as the end of suffering. One is able to obtain self-control and not be driven by emotional forces. Buddhist followers are generally encouraged to try and follow the noble Eight fold Path as it is perceived that this will aid them in the attainment of nirvana (Molloy 134). What is Nirvana? As is often common in Hinduism, the outside everyday world that experiences constant change is also referred to as samsara in Buddhism. This term is seen to suggest both pain and decay and according to Buddhist teachings, one is able to eventually be liberated from Samsara by attaining Nirvana. It is widely believed that Nirvana is essentially a state where one is able to exist wit hout experiencing any limitations. Although there exists a misconception among most individuals in the West who commonly think of nirvana as being a psychological state mainly because it is often described as helping evoke both peace and joy, nirvana is found to better be thought of as being generally indescribable and largely beyond all the possible psychological states (Molloy 139-140). Why is Nirvana Important? Although the actual attainment of nirvana is seen to occur rather rarely, it is generally theoretically very possible for one to be able to attain this much sought after state within their lifetime. Buddha himself is said to have only managed to finally entire nirvana at the time of his enlightenment. Most Buddhists seek to attain nirvana due to the promise of peace and contentment that is offered. Nirvana is also important as it effectively signifies the end of an individual’s circle of constant rebirth and death. It is a common belief in most cultures inclusive of Buddhism that one is essentially born a number of times before their current life (Molloy 139-140). What are the Basic Differences between the Theravada and the Mahayana Buddhists? Although Mahayana Buddhists and the Theravada Buddhists happen to share essentially similar core beliefs and have an essentially identical devotion to both the teachings and the life of Buddha, there a number of differences existing between the two branches of Buddhism. A key difference is that while Theravada Buddhism is found to be more widespread in the South East Asia regions and is widely believed to essentially be older and close to the original form of Buddhism, Mahayana Buddhism

In the play Capulet wants Juliet to have a good life Essay Example for Free

In the play Capulet wants Juliet to have a good life Essay Romeo and Juliet is a tragic 16th century Shakespearean love story set in the Italian city of Verona. The life of a father and daughter in our lifetime at the moment would vary considerably from the one Capulet and Juliet lead in the play. In the 16th century women were expected to do many things for men. Mens expectations for women in the 16th century were that they cleaned the house looked after the children and were treated as second class citizens. Men expected women to obey them and do anything they say if the women disobeyed the men they would subject to punishment in the version of getting hit in those days because there wasnt strict law and order in those days. So if a women married a man they would become the sole property of their husband. In the 16th century the father was the man of the household who would finalise everything. When theyre daughter was around 14 the father would chose who she would be married to, but as in the play some daughters didnt feel that their fathers choice was correct and if they turned down his offer they would also be subject to punishment. The rejection of their fathers choice would also make their fathers feel hurt because his daughter had rejected his offer of happiness, the father also feels that his daughter is not proud of her parents and doesnt thank them. In the play Capulet wants Juliet to have a good life and thinks hes chosen the right type of man for his daughter . He believes that Paris will give her a stable life. Increase the reputation of his family because Paris has class and is a well-known celebrity who when people know he is part of the Capulet clan and Capulets son in law they will like Capulet better. As well as that and the money that Paris earns he believes that Paris is a respectable man of society. That he will also take care of his daughter, e. g. if she is sad he will make her happy and comfort her if she is scared, he will make her feel safe and secure in her home and environment. So all in all he thinks that he has chosen a peach of a man who is respected in aspects of his criteria for his daughter. I believe that in the play Capulet wants his daughter to marry Paris because he feels out of love for his daughter that he has found the right person for his daughter who will take care of her and tend to her when she is sick. Plus love her like he does, but as well as this he also chose Paris who is a very wealthy and popular well-known business man, rather than that his family is at war with the Montague family and would like a celebrity backing to increase his chance of winning. Capulet feels it is tradition at the time for him to select supposedly the lucky man to marry his daughter and when he does this he also expects Juliet to be pleased that he has chosen her such an admirable husband. He hopes that Juliet will feel the same way he does and that it is someone who will care for her and make sure she is given the best love and affection around. In parts of Romeo and Juliet you see the examples of Capulet being a loving and caring father. One of these parts is in Act 1, Scene 2, line 7-11 when Capulet says My child is yet a stranger in the world, she has not seen the change of 14 years, let two more summers wither in her pride ere we may think her ripe to be a bride. This shows that he is loving because he is saying to Paris she is only young and just turned 14 give her two more years and you can marry her. Although he says this to Paris when his daughter disagrees with his choice he doesnt accept her reason or anything he just keeps having a go at her. Whatever reason Juliet gives her father will not accept her reason and keeps forcing her to chose Paris. In conclusion I believe that in the 16th century daughter, father relationships were very different from nowadays. Nowadays the daughter has the freedom to do as she pleases apart from in some certain religions where the marriage is organised between 2 people before they can walk. So in most of the world today women have a free right but in some areas they have stuck to the old fashion way of arrange marriages.

Mirror :: essays research papers

The Mirror Steam rose from the water and filled the bathroom with ghostly, swirling eddies, and phantasms of white, transparent ribbons of vapor. Tracy basked in the water, relishing the prickly fingers of hot water as it soothed the muscles of her body. Her red hair lay in wet, matted strings over her shoulders and breasts. Her eyelids were closed, hiding her deep, emerald green eyes. Tears squeeze from her eyes as the memory of the phone call echoed through her mind. It had been a woman’s voice on the other end of the line, and she had asked for Justin, Tracy’s husband. Tracy was high strung with emotions and the sound of that woman’s voice sparked the thought that her husband was cheating on her. The hardest part of it all for her to believe was that when Justin got home that night, Tracy confronted him with her fears. Justin didn’t hesitate in telling her that, yes, he was having an affair. She was so distraught over the news that she had kicked him out of the ho use after a lengthy screaming match. Now, Tracy sat in the tub, water to her chin, and her right hand on the ledge of the tub, fumbling lightly with a single edge razor blade. She opened her eyes and delicately ran her finger over the shinning blade. She’d teach Justin. One swipe of the blade and he’d be regretting ever sleeping around on her. She lifted the blade and brought it over to the opposite wrist. As her hand lifted off the edge of the tub, she notices something odd in the mirror. The mirror was completely steamed over with a white, hazy mist, and on the surface of the mirror, written in the condensation, was a short statement that made Tracy’s breath catch in her throat. DON’T DO IT, TRACY! Tracy jerked out of the water, splashing a bunch onto the floor. The statement was written in a loose, looping, and broken script, almost as if it had been written by a child. Before her eyes, the mirror steamed over again and the words disappeared. The razor drops into the water, forgotten. â€Å"Who did that?† she asked the room, knowing that nobody could have done it, she was alone in the house. â€Å"Who’s there?† She carefully gets out of the tub and wraps herself in a large, blue towel.

About BRU coffee Essay

BRU coffee is a part of Hindustan Lever and it is India’s largest and favourite coffee brand that offers a range of Indian and international coffee products. Since 1968, BRU has repetitively strived to bring varied types of authentic coffee with premium tastes to Indian consumers. After directing numerous coffee trials with coffee samples, they personally select the best coffee beans and freshly roast them to serve consumer a great cup of rich aromatic coffee, whether it’s coffee at home or at BRU World Cafà ©. It was launched in the year 1968 under the brand of â€Å"Brook Bond†. After its introduction as an instant coffee they came up with different varieties such as BRU Cappuccino, BRU Lite, BRU Cold Coffee, BRU Gold, BRU Roast and Ground etc. BRU has created and distributed a display of unique high-quality coffee blends since 1968. It is an astounding 800crore instant coffee segment in India. From instant and conventional coffees to a multiplicity of premixes, the rich aroma and exotic flavours of BRU coffees have made it India’s number one coffee brand. BRU’s market share as up to end of 2011 was 50.2% against Nescafe’s 49.2%. BRU-ad with love and merged with passion to make a perfect coffee recipe, BRU Coffee lets you discover the lovely moments of your life, with a flavour of happiness. AGGRESSIVE SUCCESS ACHIEVED IN SAME SEGMENT: 1) REVOLUTION IN NEW PRODUCT: BRU was known as master brand in serving coffee as they were able to give new aids to customers at every point on a regular basis. There one of the successful new product was the cappuccino packs. The new flavour was able to generate new thrust in the market and that help them to lead out the product in the market. The new flavours even encouraged hard-core tea lovers to try out these flavours and change their preferences towards the coffee. The best part was that these cappuccino was available in single serve sachets which provoked consumers to test the flavours. Another added innovation by BRU was when they launched the cold coffee variants into the market which again apprehended the attention of the consumers in high volume. Now, these thrusts in new product development roll out in an implicit way when customers accepted and started liking it. This was concluded when people roll out in malls and stores, they find that coffee section is full of  various flavours and packs of BRU which itself creates a positive vibration for the brand. 2) REVOLUTION IN PACKGING: Innovation in packaging was another critical factor that aided BRU’s success. The brand made the entry barrier low by launching small affordable SKUs. There are single serve and large packs at different price points making the brand affordable .The brand although is positioned as an aspirational brand is priced affordable thus making it a perfect example of a Masstige brand.

Cell Transport Lab

â€Å"Cell Transport Lab† Hypothesis: I hypothesis that there will be a movement of molecules out of the egg, and will move into the water solution. Osmosis will occur within the egg, and in the process the molecules of the egg will diffuse. Time (hrs)| Observations| Circumference (cm)| 0| * Egg is of normal weight and size * No membrane is being shown, and is almost perfect| * 14 centimeters| * 24| * Egg has gotten larger taking in some of the water * Shell is soft | * 15 centimeters| * 48| * It larger now than before, opaque in appearance * Firm to touch| * 16 centimeter| * 72| * Transparent almost see through, fluid inside is visible * It has become even more firm and hard| * 17 centimeters| Conclusion: 1. The egg changed exactly three centimeters in size from 14 centimeter, to 17 centimeters. 2.Yes my hypothesis was correct, osmosis occurred and the molecules in the egg transferred and in a result the egg took in water. 3. The type of transport that will occur within the e gg will be osmosis. Displacement occurred within the egg, when water was taken in within the egg. 4. The liquid goes through the membranes of lettuce or spinach cells and surges the overall firmness of the leaves. 5. What I think will happen to the egg if you put it in syrup, would be that the egg will egg deflate a little from the humongous state and go back to normal. Maybe the water will come out from the egg and go within the syrup somehow.

buy custom Infertility, its Causes and the Available Treatment essay

buy custom Infertility, its Causes and the Available Treatment essay Abstract Since earlier times, human race has wholly been concerned with multiplication and increase in number, this trend has been on the rise from the time the world was having only a single couple until now when the world census is clicking in tunes of six billion plus. Thus, inclusive in everyones mission, is the quest to have an offspring who would carry the mantle of the family lineage, wealth, name, family traditions, and cultural values. Nevertheless, behind this quest and ambitions, lies the psychological torture on couples who find themselves unable to produce their own offspring. This condition termed infertility has been on the rise amidst the overcrowded world population. The term infertility can be described to mean the incapability of a couple or an individual to conceive a kid or to bear pregnancy to full period. It can either be primary infertility or secondary infertility. Primary infertility is a condition that results when couples fails to conceive a child despite having co ntinued unprotected intercourse for a period exceeding one year. Secondary infertility on the other hand, is that condition that results when couples who have conceived once, fail to conceive any more. This study, in line with psychological health, seeks to explore infertility, its major causes, its effects on couples, and the available treatment (Lamanna, Riedmann, Riedmann, 2006, p. 287) The cause of infertility varies in males and females. According to the American Medical Association (2004), infertility in females occurs when several physiological functions of the body are not in place. This condition occurs when the fertilized eggs fail to align on the womb and the ovaries or egg producing organs have problems in creating eggs. If these conditions combine or occur singly in females. In females, infertility is caused by several factors, which can be singly or combined. The factors that cause infertility in females include excessive consumption of alcohol, development of tumor or cancerous growth in the body which hampers ovum development, birth defects that affect the reproductive tract, diabetes complications, excess or lack of hormones in ones body, excessive exercise, poor nutrition, old age, obesity, use of certain medications like chemotherapy drugs, blood clotting disorders, having growths in the body such as fibroids or polyps in the uterus and cervix, pelvic infection or pelvic inflammatory disease, thyroid disease, autoimmune disorders such as antiphospholipid syndrome, ovarian cysts and polycystic ovary syndrome and infection from sexually transmitted diseases or endometriosis. This signs presents severe crises in a woman who can eventually be faced with tremendous emotional, physical, and financial challenges Infertility in males is also caused by variety of factors either singly or combined. Infertility in males results when there is a considerable decrease in sperm count, a physical disorder such that sperms are being blocked from being released, and when the released sperms do not work properly. If two or all of these conditions manifest in a man, he will be considered as infertile and consequently unable to bear a child. In evaluating the causes of infertility in males, there are several factors that can combine or occur singly to bring about infertility. These factors include, too much smoking, body defects arising from birth, exposure to too much heat for a prolonged period of time, when the victims body has too much or too little hormones, if the victims is an addict of alcohol, marijuana or cocaine, if the victim is impotent, if the victim is getting old, if the victim has once been a consumer of certain drugs such as cimetidine, nitrofurantoin and spironolactone, if the person is suffering from a condition called retrograde ejaculation, if the person has once undergone cancer treatment that includes chemotherapy and radiation, if the victim person has once been a victim of sexually transmitted diseases, and if the victim is exposed to environmental pollutants such as DDT. Once again, all this factors also present severe psychological, financial, and physical challenges to a man (Jequier, 2000, p. 38). Psychological Causes and Consequences of Infertility Apart from the above infertility causative agents, psychological factors also play a greater role. There are some proposed mechanisms through which depression could affect infertility. This mechanism involves the physiological characteristics such as elevated prolactin levels, thyroid dysfunctions and in case; the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis is disturbed. In most cases, especially in women, the causes of depression are associated with abnormal regulation of hormones that regulates ovulation. These hormones are called luteinizing hormones. Stress is also known to cause changes in immune functions of the body; which in turn affects the reproduction function of the body leading to infertility (Covington Burns, 2006, p.7). The psychological effects have been reported to be one of the contributing factors of infertility among couples. Stress arising from the non-fulfillment of a desire for a baby has been allied with emotional factors such as anger, hopelessness, anxiety, marital problems, and feeling of irrelevance. Couples may perhaps turn out to be more concerned to conceive as luck would have it, escalating sexual dysfunction consequently leading to public seclusion. When couples are under pressure to make medical decision towards infertility, marital discord is bound to develop has been reported to breed sense of loss, stigma, and diminished self esteem, on every occasion the subject of fertility is raised. The response of male and females in regard to infertility differs considerably as study shows that women parades more intensity of sorrow compared to their male counter parts. The women often have clinical depression rates akin to those suffering from cancer or heart disease. Emotional tension and marital troubles are normally high in cases where the infertility is caused by the man. Hence, psychological infertility has devastatig impacts both to the victim and the victims partner. Infertility, which can cause confusion and segregation on the affected couples, has devastating complications. Majority often go through a series of intense feelings, as soon as they are detected to be having signs of infertility. Often, an individual will develop immense sadness on realizing his or her incapability. In most cases, the affected partner will in turn have the feeling of betrayal mixed with anger. Both the couple and other individuals will be grieved by the imaginations of foregone experiences and fantasies of having a child. The couples in particular will experience drastic change in their relationship. This often results from withdrawal from intimacy or the feeli ng of betrayal by fate. The feelings of guilt and self blame arises often arise in a case whereby one partner is identified as being the cause of infertility. Also, the partner who has been considered infertile will develop unknown phobia as he/she will feel that their relationship is threatened as the fertile partner is likely to leave any time when patience runs out (Covington Burns, 2006, p. 7). In addition, Infertility poses other effects on the victims social life and behaviors. The couples and individual found to be to victims of infertility normally isolate from friends, family members, and even colleagues. Often, the victims fear attending social events and functions since in such occasions, discussions concerning marriage life and fertility are likely to crop up. Also, during social functions, couples or individuals often gather with their children and hence, this is likely to psychologically affect the infertile victims. In such cases, socializing with friends who have families becomes very difficult and thus breeds psychological stress. These psychological stresses are influenced mainly by three factors in both men and women. First, there is a widespread notion that having children is a major achievement in life. Most women believe that a successful marriage is attributable to having children. This notion is the most important one in women as it highlights what succe ssful marriage is. With regards to this, often, women show strong desire to have babies than men. Secondly, female roles are prioritized by child bearing. This is the most important factor in males but of second to females. Always, there is that pressure from the peers that a mans wife has to bear a child in order to complete the marriage institution. Thirdly, couples sexual life can pose psychological effects. This has equal magnitude to both partners since sex is conceived in the mind and if the mind has been has the knowledge on the futility of such intercourse, then the mind will not rise to the occasion. The diagnosis of infertility may also have a noticeable consequence on relationship with others, particularly the partner. Anger may be aimed at a partner who is observed as the cause of the infertility or who does not appear to be appreciative, helpful, or committed to the same objective. Feelings of insufficiency can results to thoughts of leaving the fertile partner to bear a child with someone else. On the other hand, the infertile partner may fear neglect. The infertile individual may also be psychologically affected by suffering from low self-esteem and a feeling of failure, which not only remains restricted to the reproductive subject but lengthens to having feelings of general problem, lack of appeal, lack of femininity or masculinity, and an inability to be a suitable parent or partner (Alexander, Larosa, Bader, Alexander, Garfield, 2009, p.163). Infertility is like a battle and must not be fought alone; combined efforts of counseling and treatment can produce fruits. There is no specific procedures that has to be followed in the treatment of infertility since the causes of infertility varies considerably. Also, any attempt to treat an infertile person has to take into consideration the level of infertility such as secondary or primary, the sex of the victim, and the magnitude or the extent to which infertility has reached. In addition, the couples condition is examined to establish whether their state is either temporary or permanent. Permanent infertility occurs where there is a complete absence of egg producing organs in females and the complete absence of sperm producing organs in males (ODonohue, 2005, p. 224). The Psychological Treatment From the above described causes, the primary focus of infertility treatment is medical but it is importance to deal with the implications that infertility has couples mental health, and social life. In the light of these, the acknowledgement that infertility and its treatment are linked with psychological distress has resulted to the introduction of a small number of theoretically conducted psychotherapeutic interventions aimed at infertile couples experiencing assisted reproduction. Besides, marriage and family therapy is most beneficial when one is contemplating on how to undertake new treatment after the first one has failed, in a case where one needs extended family support and assistance, when one if faced with difficult medical decisions, when one is considering a third party assistance such as egg or sperm donation or surrogacy, and also when one is investigating other options of family building such as adoption. Marriage and family therapy are very helpful in cases where indi viduals or couples experience some or all of the factors including social isolation, suicidal thoughts, difficulty in concentrations and memory lapse, increased disagreements and discord in a relationship, strained interpersonal relationships with friends and family, and continual feeling of sadness, guilt, rejection, anger, and anxiety (Glick, Berman, Clarkin, 2000, p. 448). The marriage and family therapist can aid an infertile victim in many ways. Glick, Berman, Clarkin (2000) assert that, though it is impossible for a marriage therapist to offer an effective medical treatment to help a woman become pregnant, he or she can help a victim wade through the process and be able to communicate well as well as gain family support. Through the help of a therapist, the victim can get to learn better and acquire effficient ways of handling the issue in a confident manner. Through the directions of a marriage therapist, the affected couples can get to agree on the probable channel to use in solving their crisis. Due to the high rate of infertility in the previous decade, researchers have proposed that infertility treatment programs should incorporate an element of psychological treatment component, for instance, individual therapy. Group psychological interventions have been reported to be helpful by enhancing pregnancy rates among infertile women. Victims with major mood or anxiety disorders should be offered psychotherapy treatment and/ or psychotropic medication. Besides, a psychiatrist can assist affected couples by discovering alternative parenting options, incorporating adoption. The psychiatrist plays a vital role in encouraging affected couples to contribute in therapy, either jointly or individually. The psychiatric clinician is also responsible for psychiatric assessment, clarification of matters pertaining treatment decisions, facilitation of consensus between partners about treatment, assisting couples to tackle stresses associated with infertility treatments, referral of affected couples to support groups, provision of support through treatment holidays or after unproductive course of treatment and provision of psychopharmacological treatment (Glick, Berman, Clarkin, 2000, p. 448). A cognitive-behavioral intervention is a psychological treatment which is designed to instruct the infertile couple in effective coping and problem solving approaches. It also takes account of behavioral rehearsal, role-play, and reappraising dysfunctional cognitions. Besides, researchers of health psychology have proved that support strategies (individual, couple, and group interventions) are effective in assisting affected couples deal with stress, depression, anxiety. Evidence points out that cognitive-behavioral and psychophysiological intervention have their advantages for decreasing anxiety and depression among infertile women. Patient education, psycho-physiological and cognitive-behavioral interventions are commonly utilized in an infertility context (Covington Burns, 2006, p. 125). Medical Treatment The treatment of male victims who are infertile differs from females treatment since only a small portion of males who are sub-fertile and completely infertile are capable of undergoing a rational and effective treatment. Fertility drugs are the most generally used therapeutic agents for treating ovulatory dysfunction in females. Psychological treatment should also be provided along with medical treatment. In situations where the mans infertility problem is untreatable, the couples can opt to have a donor sperm insemination. On the other hand, egg donation is an alternative for women who do not react to ovarian stimulation. Additionally, medication can be provided to the donor and the infertile woman with the aim of synchronizing their cycles. The donor eggs can become fertilized with sperm by means of IVF or GIFT process and then reallocated to the infertile woman, who will then hold the pregnancy. With regards to the woman who is in a position to ovulate but cannot hold the pregnan cy, a fertilized egg may be inseminated in a surrogate mother who will afterwards hold the pregnancy (Fritz Speroff, 2010, p. 1158). The treatment of infertile males similar to females does not follow a single procedure but instead depends on the nature of the infertile conditions. After analysis of the victims medical history, he is subjected to various levels of diagnostic tests. In the first level, the semen is analyzed in accordance, hormonal measurement is performed, and the hormone testosterone is analyzed to ascertain its quantity. In the second level of diagnostic test, an examination of bacterial content and ultrasound is carried out on men with medical conditions. If the victim has chromosome abnormality signs, then genetic assessment is done. In the third level of diagnostic test, a process called testicular biopsy is done on the victims. Furthermore, a routine semen analysis is performed as a sperm function test. If the mans sperm are obstructed by thick cervical mucus attributable to infection, passage may be aided by treating the woman with antibiotics, or the cervix may be evaded by employing artifi cially insemination In addition, sexual therapy is vital for couples with sexual problems. For instance, a man with a small number of sperms can be advised to wear looser clothing so as to diminish testicular temperature or remove a varicoele. However, no hormonal treatments have been successful in raising the quantity of sperm. Researchers have found out that medication of infertility programs can give rise to couples engaging in consecutively painful and costly infertility treatments, often with little comprehension or formal concern of the medical and psychological effects of such approaches (ODonohue, 2005, p. 224). Conclusion Infertility, though termed by many as the inability to conceive a child or carry a pregnancy to complete full period, is not that bleak as people have come to term it. Infertile couples have been portrayed to pass through a series of stages involving astonishment, denial, anger, despair, grief, remorse, and acceptance or resolution. Those couples and individual found to be the victims of infertility should not isolate from friends, family members, and even colleagues or fear attending social events and functions on grounds that discussions concerning marriage life and fertility often arises. As seen from this study, there is not an infertile case that can be termed as hopeless and the victims should not handle the case alone. Combined efforts from family, friends, counselors, and doctors can yield the desired fruits. Treatment plans are generally aimed to alleviate the symptoms that infertile couples experience and enable them to cope with treatment and/ or the ultimate loss of hope for conception .This study has shown without reasonable doubt that infertility manifests in many ways and there is treatment for the same, medically, and also through proper counseling. Buy custom Infertility, its Causes and the Available Treatment essay

Use of Donde and Related Words for Where in Spanish

Use of Donde and Related Words for Where in Spanish Donde and related words and phrases are used in Spanish to indicate the concept of where. The different forms can be easy to confuse, and even native speakers dont always clearly distinguish between sound-alikes such as adonde and a donde. Here are the most common uses: Donde Donde typically functions as a relative pronoun following a noun or preposition. Its use is a bit broader than the English where, so it can sometimes be translated as which or in which. Note also that the English where often is used without a preposition even though the preposition is mandatory in Spanish, as the parenthetical words show: Es la casa donde nacià ³ mi madre. (Its the house where my mother was born.)El lugar donde vivimos nos hace quienes somos. (The place where we live makes us what we are.)Las escrituras son el espejo donde vemos el alma. (The scriptures are the mirror in which we see the soul.)Invierte tu dinero en donde està © tu corazà ³n.( Invest your money where your heart is.)No sà © de donde obtenà ­a ella el poder para ver el futuro. (I dont know from where she got the power to see the future. Note that the from in the translation could be omitted, while de in the Spanish sentence couldnt.)Fueron a donde estaban las chicas. (They went where the girls were. To in the translation is optional.)Viajo a donde los mapas terminan. (Im journeying to where the maps end.)Encontraron un lugar estratà ©gico desde donde se podà ­an controlar las caà ±ones. (They found a strategic place from which they could control the cannons.) Dnde Dà ³nde is similar to donde but is used in questions, indirect questions, and exclamations. If youre asking something that expresses the concept of where to and want to use the preposition a, use adà ³nde (see below), which is the equivalent of a dà ³nde, although the former is preferred. Note that dà ³nde without a preposition does not indicate movement:  ¿Dà ³nde comemos hoy? (Where are we eating today?_ ¿Dà ³nde en el web puedo crear mi cuenta? (Where on the web page can I create my account?) ¿De dà ³nde eres? (Where are you from?)No quiero saber dà ³nde has estado o que has visto. (I dont want to know where you have been or what you have seen.)i ¡Hacia dà ³nde vamos? (Where in the world are we going to?)No sà © dà ³nde est. (I dont know where he is.) Adonde Adonde usually functions as a relative adverb, typically following a location and followed by a verb of motion. Pueden escoger la escuela adonde quieren enviar a sus hijos. (You can choose the school where you want to send your children to.)Aquella es la playa adonde fuimos hace unos aà ±os. (That is the beach were we went to some years ago.)Estn en un remoto pueblo adonde viajaron para dar un concierto. (Theyre in a remote village where they went to give a concert.) Adnde Adà ³nde is used in direct and indirect questions to indicate motion toward a place:  ¿Adà ³nde vamos despuà ©s que morimos? (Where do we go to after we die?) ¿Adà ³nde sales con tus amigos? (Where are you leaving to with your friends?)No tengo la menor idea adà ³nde nos llevar. (I dont have the slightest idea where it will take us to.) Dondequiera Dondequiera (or, less commonly, adondequiera) is typically used as an adverb meaning anywhere, everywhere, or anyplace. It is sometimes spelled as two words: donde quiera. No habà ­a una escalera dondequiera. (There werent stairs anywhere.)Triunfaremos dondequiera que vamos. (We will triumph wherever we go.)Dondequiera que fue mi amigo, encontrà ³ problemas. (Wherever my friend went he ran into problems.)Dondequiera veo gente abrazandose y eso me hace sentir tan feliz. (Wherever I look I see people hugging each other than this makes me feel so happy.)Nos encontrarà ­amos caminando por dondequiera en el desierto sin propà ³sito ni direccià ³n. (We found ourselves walking everywhere in the desert without aim or purpose.) Although less common, donde sea is sometimes used in the same way: Irà © a donde sea que se me abra una puerta. (I will go to wherever a door opens for me.)Puedes comer saludable donde sea. (You can eat healthy anywhere.) For Beginners: What You Should Know First You can usually use  ¿dà ³nde? when asking where someone or something is. Use  ¿adà ³nde? when asking where someone is going:  ¿Dà ³nde est? Where are you? ¿Adà ³nde vas? Where are you going?

Customer comparision - Kohl's vs. Home Depot Essay

Customer comparision - Kohl's vs. Home Depot - Essay Example Both companies build customer value by offering customers both a wider range of channels, and more personalized treatment through the integration of channels. Recent years, US retailers have maintained high-speed growth through continuous optimization of its product/service mix and technological innovation. It has also realized rapid expansion through capital injections. The changes are closely connected with Internet facilities and WWW which opens international markets for these companies. Be in one of the most highly rated industries for stability and success, Home Depot and Kohl’s offer an opportunity to everyone who wants to change his home and personal style. Home Depot is a US based company. It is a leader in home improvement retail market. Today, Home Depot relies chiefly on an efficient technology innovation system and supply chain. Home Depot is â€Å"the second largest retailer operating over 1,700 stores in North America. The company operates Home Depot stores, Expo Design Centers, Home Depot Supply Stores, Home Depot Landscape Supply Stores, and Home Depot Floor Stores† (Speight, 2004). Kohl’s is a nationa l retailer proposing a wide range of products for the whole family: â€Å"our stores are stocked with everything you need for yourself and your home - apparel, shoes & accessories for women, children and men, plus home products like small electrics, bedding, luggage and more† (www.kohlcorporation.com). Target market of Home Depot involves professional users and non-professional users from middle classes. Home Depot â€Å"offers products and services primarily to builders, contractors, municipalities, industrial customers and maintenance professionals† (Hall, 2007). Kohl’s target audience also involves middle class consumers looking for high product quality and good service. Customers within the segment are similar to each other and dissimilar to other groups of customers in other segments. Today, Home Depot orients

Financial aid from parents' perspective Personal Statement

Financial aid from parents' perspective - Personal Statement Example However, there comes a time when the famous adage that goes: ‘the spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak’ already applies. It is in this regard that we seek financial assistance to support the educational pursuit of my eldest daughter, who is currently in the United States, taking up a degree in music, focusing particularly on harnessing her musical skills in playing the flute. The global financial crisis still reverberates in vast parts of the world and has significantly impacted various facets of life, especially the daily cost of living and educational expenses, among others. The cost of higher education, for one, has significantly increased and the current amount of income that we are earning is not sufficient to support the academic requirements of my daughter in the United States. She has unselfishly reiterated that she would make all the necessary sacrifices to make ends meet. As parents, our hearts could not imagine the ordeal she must sustain for the sake of completing her education. Her commitment and drive to complete her degree in the States was made possible through the academic institution’s acknowledgement of her exemplary musical talent and genuine acumen in playing the flute. We honestly believe that she would be an instrumental contributor to the world of music as she shares the passion in music to others. Our fervent hope is that our support could be assisted with the much needed financial aid which would fulfill my daughter’s dream. We would forever be indebted to your assistance and rest assured that the funds would not only be a means to complete my daughter’s education; but it would actually provide opportunity for a Korean to excel and be acknowledged in this field of endeavor on a global

Outline and discuss the evolution of CSR, including its history, role Essay

Outline and discuss the evolution of CSR, including its history, role in the financial crisis and prospects for the future. Supp - Essay Example In this documentary film, Moore conducts an investigative research on the impact that the closure of General Motors’ auto plants in Flint, Michigan, United States, had on the local communities. From the documentary film, it is clearly noted how by 1988 a leading company in the caliber of General Motors failed to denote its significant contribution to the local communities where it operated and it even failed to establish a clear structure of how the organization relates with the local communities. At the time of the Closure, Moore, reported that General Motors was making substantial amounts of profits but its decision to relocate its plants to Mexico was mainly motivated by the fact the company was seeking to lower its operating expenses by using cheap labor that was available in Mexico. Whilst making this decision, Mr. Roger Smith, the chairperson of the corporation at that time, failed to be socially responsible because of the fact that his decision led to 30,000 jobs losses , and a severe economic recession within the Flint area. Moreover, there was increase in cases of crime, evictions across the area because of failure to pay rent, and massive exodus of people from the area. Presently, General Motors Corporation is one of the leading companies in the world, which has a well-elaborate corporate social responsible unit that is managed through the GM foundation, and this is a clear indication that corporate social responsibility has evolved overtime and it has grown to become an integral part of the business model of most business organizations. This present essay is based on company law and it seeks to outline and discuss the evolution of corporate social responsibility, including its history, role in the financial crisis, and prospects for the future. The history of corporate social responsibility The writings by McWilliams et al. (2006), aimed at demonstrating the evolution, which human resource management and corporate social responsibility have und ergone. This writings succeeded in doing this by first establishing a valid point that during the early stages of industrial revolution, which was taking place across various countries that are now developed, all of the companies treated their employees as machinery that were designed for performing various tasks and being rewarded. This means that companies did not put into consideration the welfare of their employees. However, following the establishment of the

Obamacare Essay Example for Free

Obamacare Essay â€Å"Change will not come if we wait for some other person or some other time. We are the ones weve been waiting for. We are the change that we seek.† Those words were famously spoken from Barack Obama during his election period. Following through with those words, he begins to make change in the country. Change isn’t easy, yet you hope it’s worth it in the end. The USA seems to be standing on both sides of the fence when it comes to the changes the President is making with healthcare. March 23, 2010 Obama signed into law Affordable Care Act, or better known as Obamacare. Together with the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act, it represents the most significant government expansion and regulatory overhaul of the U.S. healthcare system since the passage of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965 (www.obamacarefacts.com). Obamacare was enacted to provide affordable health insurance to 44 million uninsured Americans and to reduce the growth in health care spending. Obamacare has done some important things already, such as prohibiting insurance companies from dropping your coverage if you get sick and has been working with insurance companies who will not cover a person because of a pre-existing condition. However, as with all change there are two ways at looking at the new bill. Obamacare will drastically affect the low-income families in a positive way. In America healthcare is so difficult to afford for the average low-income family, Obama has placed the care on a sliding scale. The expansion will cover over 15 million low-income individuals and families below the 133% FLP mark. However each state has the option to opt-out of providing coverage for the poor. By not providing coverage for the poor, it will leave 2-3 million people without coverage. States that decide to opt-in employers will have to respond by laying people off and making full time employees part time to avoid Obamacare penalties and taxes by not implementing the program. Others will not expand beyond 50 employees to avoid the bill’s mandate’s (Shenk, 2013). The average consumer will see a difference because some businesses are adding surcharges to invoices in to help make up the cost of healthcare coverage for their employees. On a positive note, there would be no annual or lifetime limits, children can stay on their parent’s plans to age 26; FDA can approve more generic drugs driving prices down and breaking monopolies and protections against discrimination for gender, disabilities and domestic abuse. And there will be significant tax credits to the small businesses with less than 25 employees, to help offset the costs of providing coverage to their employees. Obamacare will certainly challenge the nation over whether it wants a national system to be dependent on Washington or rely on dual federalism that protects freedom. The bill doesn’t allow the American citizen the option, if they want to offer or accept coverage; they have to have it or they will be penalized. That doesn’t allow much freedom of choice, however at least they are being offered the opportunity to coverage. Despite the rocky road Obamacare has had to start, it has lived to see another day and each day the kinks are worked out. This bill is here to stay. So, as cchange isn’t always easy, the average American citizen can say that the law will be beneficial to them as individuals, their families, communities, and country.

The Characters Of Samson And Dalila in Miltons Samson Agonistes Essay

The Characters Of Samson And Dalila in Milton's Samson Agonistes      Ã‚   The character of Dalila is first described by Samson, in his opening dialogue with the Chorus, as "that specious Monster, my accomplish'd snare." He also later describes her as "fallacious, unclean, unchaste". Thus when she finally appears in person, the reader is perhaps surprised to hear the Chorus uses a simile of a pulchritudinous ship to describe Dalila, "so bedeck'd, ornate and gay". It is the first mention of her physical beauty. Neither does the Chorus merely mention it in passing; the chorus takes a total of eleven lines to describe the full extent of Dalila's beauty. The Chorus continues this extended simile, admiring her "tackle trim . . . and streamers waving". She even smells sweet, being followed by a damsel train and "amber scent of odorous perfume". It seems as if the Chorus has fallen under Dalila's spell as Samson had.    Samson, however, is under no such illusions. Perhaps his blindness prevents him from capitulating to her beauty, in the same way that in Greek mythology, sailors, having blocked up their ears, saw the Sirens for the evil creatures that they were, rather than be charmed to their deaths by their beautiful singing. His blindness is perhaps the reason that he has made no reference to Dalila's beauty - her seemingly only asset he is no longer able to appreciate. Unlike the Chorus, Samson is not so welcoming. He calls her a "Traitress" and bids the Chorus not to let her go near him. The Chorus, however, seems powerless to act against Dalila, as "yet on she moves". They appear to still be under the spell of Dalila's captivating beauty, this time assimilating her beauty with that of "a fair flower". ... ...le Milton. New York: Penguin, 1977 [1949]. Erskine-Hill, Howard. Poetry and the Realm of Politics. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996. Fish, Stanley. How Milton Works. Cambridge: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2001. Hale, John K. "Milton's Preface to 'Samson Agonistes.'" The Explicator. Vol. 52. No. 2. P. 73. (Winter 1994): 3 pp. Online. Internet. 20 April. 1997. Lewalski, Barbara. The Life of John Milton. Malden: Blackwell Publishers Inc, 2000. Martindale, Charles. John Milton and the Transformation of Ancient Epic. Totowa: Barnes and Noble Books, 1986. Milton, John. Samson Agonistes.   In John Milton: Complete Poems and Major Prose. Ed. Merritt Y. Hughes. New York: Macmillan, 1957. 531-93. Radzinowicz, Mary Ann. Towards Samson Agonistes: The Growth of Milton's Mind. Princeton:   Princeton University Press, 1978.