Oka Crisis, 1990 essays

Oka Crisis, 1990 essays Frequently in Canada, Aboriginal peoples rights and title to land have been disregarded as the government forces compliance from them. They are dealt with unfairly by the administration that directs this country as several of their claims to land and resources go unnoticed or are retracted when the government chooses. It is treatment like this that harvests frustration in a person, which in turn, leads to fanatical behaviour and violent outbursts similar to the one that transpired in the Municipality of Oka in 1990. When various levels of government failed to come to terms with the issue of land claims with the Mohawk people of Kanesatake and a golf course expansion was planned to go on their land, they decided to take action. It seemed unlikely that these residents of Oka would be able to achieve any results by using conventional methods of participation, so they decided to take a more radical approach. Many feel that this manifestation of anger was a logical and inevitable out come of five hundred years of inequality, but what did it accomplish? The events of the Oka crisis can be viewed as a success on some levels, but also as a failure on others. Several Aboriginals believe that the standoff was successful in drawing attention to Aboriginal issues on land rights, as others that watch the events from the outside feel that the serious issues that provoked the Oka crisis have not been resolved. This essay will examine what led up to and occurred that frightful summer, as well as describe the organization of the event and analyse how it succeeded and how it failed. The crisis began in the community of Kanesatake, where the Mohawk people live. The area is located west of Montreal in Oka, Quebec, with this small municipality only having a population of 1549 people and the Aboriginals making up a great segment of it. The Mohawk community does not officially have claims to the land ...

Disproportionate Minority Contact Essays

Disproportionate Minority Contact Essays Disproportionate Minority Contact Essay Disproportionate Minority Contact Essay Jake Huston 11116850 Criminal Justice 205 10/30/11 Research on police and prosecutors reveals that uniformly they disagree that discrimination occurs in their agency and office. What then explains the disproportionate minority contact that occurs and the disparate treatment within the prosecutor’s office? Although police and prosecutors may contend that discrimination does not occur within their agency but that does not mean discrimination doesn’t occur. The facts show that minorities are targeted much more than whites. There are many factors that contribute to this. I don’t believe it is any one agency that specifically targets minorities but rather the criminal justice system as a whole. The interplay between the media, the criminal justice system, and the public has a huge influence on discrimination within the system. Another big factor in the disproportionate minority contact is the fact that the poor, troubled inner cities are filled with mostly minorities. The culture within these poor neighborhoods perpetuates a crime mentality that becomes an easy target for the criminal justice system. I argue that the discrimination doesn’t come from a racial bias but rather from the criminal culture created in poor areas. The media has a lot of power over the criminal justice system. The media’s ability to change public perception is a key element in the discrimination we see in the police and prosecutors agencies. As the media plays up an issue the general public responds with fear. This in turn puts pressure on police to crack down on the issue. The police widen the net and arrest more offenders for lesser crimes. This makes it appear that crime goes up due to the increased number of arrests. The media communicates this to the public and people become even more concerned. This causes legislators to make changes in the laws such as mandatory minimums. We are all exposed to the discrimination portrayed in the media. Most people describe the typical criminal as a young black male. Most people think this way because it is what we see being covered on the news. In the video Law and Disorder in Philadelphia the policemen said they are able to tell right away who is a criminal and who isn’t. This is blatant discrimination. The video also shows that the police are concentrated in poorest parts of Philadelphia that have the most crime. These projects are filled with minorities. If the police are concentrated in the poor areas with minorities and not in the predominantly white suburbs there will obviously be more minorities being arrested than whites. The culture of the inner city greatly helps to perpetuate crime. Thomas Winston in the documentary Life and Death of a Dealer talked about how growing up he felt that there was no option besides crime. He started selling drugs at the age of 13. He also said that a dealer can make $15,000 a week but working minimum wage only yields about $110. (1) In the book Code of the Street by Elijah Anderson he describes how the culture in the streets is accepting of drug trafficking. On page 110, subchapter THE CULTURAL ECONOMIC CONNECTION, Anderson says that the lack of jobs has made the underground economy an easy and lucrative industry to enter. He talks about how a family whose main concern is paying bills wont let the criminality deter them. If you can’t find a job you are going to find some way to make money. This acceptance of criminality creates many problems. In Law and Disorder in Philadelphia the cop says that he couldn’t point out one house in the neighborhood that isn’t involved in the heroin trade. This is possible because of the culture in very poor area. (2) Anderson refers to the book the Philadelphia Negro written by W. E. B. Du Bois in 1899. Du Bois said that the â€Å"submerged tenth† is characterized by irresponsibility, drinking, violence, robbery, thievery, and alienation. He also said that the problem that kept young African American men from jobs is a lack of education, connections, social skills, and white skin color. These are all true today, over 100 years later. People in these neighborhoods don’t trust the police and generally refuse to help them in any way. People here don’t live by the same code of ethics that the rest of society does. (3) Anderson says the â€Å"code of the street† is a set of informal rules governing impersonal public behavior, particularly violence. This is evident in the first chapter as he describes a trip down Germantown Avenue in Philadelphia. At the top of the street is the upper class area people stroll down the street openly with no fear. It is racially diverse where you see blacks, whites, and all other races mixing socially. The buildings are all very well maintained. As you move down the street into the poor area the buildings start to see bars and the windows, they look rundown and some have even collapsed. It becomes much less racially diverse and the street corners and open areas are filled with mostly young blacks. The middle and upper class blacks from up the street do not associate themselves with the lower class. 4) On pg. 50 Anderson tells about how he overheard a black person mutter â€Å"street nigger† to a black friend after they had a small altercation with a low class black. This shows that the middle and upper class does not associate themselves with the poor and that there is a distinct cultural difference. Everyone here has a much different attitude. Instead of the carefree strolls up the stree t you see everyone â€Å"watching their back†. There is a flagrant disregard for laws in this area. (4) Anderson talked about seeing a young teen walking through Vernon Park drinking a beer in broad daylight. This is something I would never expect to see in a park near my home. After reading Code of the Street and watching both videos I can easily see why there is the disproportionate minority contact in the criminal justice system. The poor inner city is filled with crime due to lack of opportunity. People are going to do whatever they have to do to survive. Since the inner cities are filled with minorities they are the ones targeted by police. If the inner city were filled with white people, there would be the same criminal culture.

Organizing slp Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Organizing slp - Essay Example The process of organizing requires the collective efforts of all stakeholders in an organization, from top management to the most junior of employees. In other terms, managers and employees must work together to come up with the objectives of an organization and create systems that would assist in the achievement of these objectives in an efficient manner (Stephen & Coulter, 2005). A systematic approach that involves critical thinking is required in this process since it creates the executive plan of a company. The Organizing Function The organization design process starts with identification of a strategy from with a clear statement of purpose and vision for an organization. Such a strategy is important as it unites all employees towards achieving their personal and organizational goals. It also encourages actions that are geared towards attaining these goals and discourages activities that go against these objectives (Stephen & Coulter, 2005). Though creating a strategy is a planni ng process and not organizing, it is essential since it brings together all employees and defines roles clearly. Organizational structure is vital since it defines the relationship between people while at the same time defining their roles and responsibilities (Stephen & Coulter, 2005). ... First is work specialization or job enrichment, which refers to the extent to which a business divides its job into distinct tasks (Stephen & Coulter, 2005). By this division, an organization aims at ensuring that demanding jobs are not done by an individual; instead, a job is broken into smaller parts, each handled by different workers (Stephen & Coulter, 2005). Hence, each employee specializes in doing his/her part, which results in reduces job duplication, improved the productivity of every employee, and reduced conflicts among employees where roles are not clearly defined. Work specialty hence improves the overall performance of an organization. The second and third factors are departmentalization and chain of command respectively. Departmentalization, which could be functional, product or geographical, depending on the needs of an organization, should form the basis on which tasks are grouped together. On the other hand, chain of command implies the continuous line of authority, which extends from the top management to the lowest-level employees. In essence, it dictates who reports to who in an organization hence refers to the authority, responsibility and unity of command in an organization (Stephen & Coulter, 2005). The other organizing factors are span of control and centralization or decentralization. Whereas span control defines the number of ranks and managers that an organization has and indicates the number of employees under every manager or supervisor, centralization and decentralization determine the type of control in an organization (Stephen & Coulter, 2005). That is, whether control is by a few people or a large group. There are different designs

Explain the Meaning of the Four Noble Truths Essay

Explain the Meaning of the Four Noble Truths - Essay Example This truth helps us understand that we should be realistic and seek to better understand suffering inorder to lessen it when it occurs (Molloy 133). The Second Truth: Suffering generally comes from Desire When Buddha took the time to analyze suffering, he found that it is often experienced due to our nature that is rarely satisfied what we may happen to have. The Sanskrit word â€Å"trishna† can invariably be translated to mean craving which is seen to suggest both the fear of loss as well as an addiction (Molloy 133). The Third Truth: To Ending Desire will End Suffering Although this truth is seen to generally contradict a number of western notions that encourage one to try and achieve every imaginable desire, its guiding principles are seen to essentially be true. Buddha himself left his family and possessions and taught his followers that their desire for any form of attachments would invariably result in their suffering. Although it might be impossible or difficult to chan ge the entire outside world, I can be able to sufficiently change how I view the outside world by changing myself (Molloy 133). The Fourth Noble Truth: Release from Suffering is Possible The ultimate goal of the entire Buddhism religion is for one to be able to attain nirvana which suggest inner peace, liberation as well as the end of suffering. One is able to obtain self-control and not be driven by emotional forces. Buddhist followers are generally encouraged to try and follow the noble Eight fold Path as it is perceived that this will aid them in the attainment of nirvana (Molloy 134). What is Nirvana? As is often common in Hinduism, the outside everyday world that experiences constant change is also referred to as samsara in Buddhism. This term is seen to suggest both pain and decay and according to Buddhist teachings, one is able to eventually be liberated from Samsara by attaining Nirvana. It is widely believed that Nirvana is essentially a state where one is able to exist wit hout experiencing any limitations. Although there exists a misconception among most individuals in the West who commonly think of nirvana as being a psychological state mainly because it is often described as helping evoke both peace and joy, nirvana is found to better be thought of as being generally indescribable and largely beyond all the possible psychological states (Molloy 139-140). Why is Nirvana Important? Although the actual attainment of nirvana is seen to occur rather rarely, it is generally theoretically very possible for one to be able to attain this much sought after state within their lifetime. Buddha himself is said to have only managed to finally entire nirvana at the time of his enlightenment. Most Buddhists seek to attain nirvana due to the promise of peace and contentment that is offered. Nirvana is also important as it effectively signifies the end of an individual’s circle of constant rebirth and death. It is a common belief in most cultures inclusive of Buddhism that one is essentially born a number of times before their current life (Molloy 139-140). What are the Basic Differences between the Theravada and the Mahayana Buddhists? Although Mahayana Buddhists and the Theravada Buddhists happen to share essentially similar core beliefs and have an essentially identical devotion to both the teachings and the life of Buddha, there a number of differences existing between the two branches of Buddhism. A key difference is that while Theravada Buddhism is found to be more widespread in the South East Asia regions and is widely believed to essentially be older and close to the original form of Buddhism, Mahayana Buddhism

In the play Capulet wants Juliet to have a good life Essay Example for Free

In the play Capulet wants Juliet to have a good life Essay Romeo and Juliet is a tragic 16th century Shakespearean love story set in the Italian city of Verona. The life of a father and daughter in our lifetime at the moment would vary considerably from the one Capulet and Juliet lead in the play. In the 16th century women were expected to do many things for men. Mens expectations for women in the 16th century were that they cleaned the house looked after the children and were treated as second class citizens. Men expected women to obey them and do anything they say if the women disobeyed the men they would subject to punishment in the version of getting hit in those days because there wasnt strict law and order in those days. So if a women married a man they would become the sole property of their husband. In the 16th century the father was the man of the household who would finalise everything. When theyre daughter was around 14 the father would chose who she would be married to, but as in the play some daughters didnt feel that their fathers choice was correct and if they turned down his offer they would also be subject to punishment. The rejection of their fathers choice would also make their fathers feel hurt because his daughter had rejected his offer of happiness, the father also feels that his daughter is not proud of her parents and doesnt thank them. In the play Capulet wants Juliet to have a good life and thinks hes chosen the right type of man for his daughter . He believes that Paris will give her a stable life. Increase the reputation of his family because Paris has class and is a well-known celebrity who when people know he is part of the Capulet clan and Capulets son in law they will like Capulet better. As well as that and the money that Paris earns he believes that Paris is a respectable man of society. That he will also take care of his daughter, e. g. if she is sad he will make her happy and comfort her if she is scared, he will make her feel safe and secure in her home and environment. So all in all he thinks that he has chosen a peach of a man who is respected in aspects of his criteria for his daughter. I believe that in the play Capulet wants his daughter to marry Paris because he feels out of love for his daughter that he has found the right person for his daughter who will take care of her and tend to her when she is sick. Plus love her like he does, but as well as this he also chose Paris who is a very wealthy and popular well-known business man, rather than that his family is at war with the Montague family and would like a celebrity backing to increase his chance of winning. Capulet feels it is tradition at the time for him to select supposedly the lucky man to marry his daughter and when he does this he also expects Juliet to be pleased that he has chosen her such an admirable husband. He hopes that Juliet will feel the same way he does and that it is someone who will care for her and make sure she is given the best love and affection around. In parts of Romeo and Juliet you see the examples of Capulet being a loving and caring father. One of these parts is in Act 1, Scene 2, line 7-11 when Capulet says My child is yet a stranger in the world, she has not seen the change of 14 years, let two more summers wither in her pride ere we may think her ripe to be a bride. This shows that he is loving because he is saying to Paris she is only young and just turned 14 give her two more years and you can marry her. Although he says this to Paris when his daughter disagrees with his choice he doesnt accept her reason or anything he just keeps having a go at her. Whatever reason Juliet gives her father will not accept her reason and keeps forcing her to chose Paris. In conclusion I believe that in the 16th century daughter, father relationships were very different from nowadays. Nowadays the daughter has the freedom to do as she pleases apart from in some certain religions where the marriage is organised between 2 people before they can walk. So in most of the world today women have a free right but in some areas they have stuck to the old fashion way of arrange marriages.

Mirror :: essays research papers

The Mirror Steam rose from the water and filled the bathroom with ghostly, swirling eddies, and phantasms of white, transparent ribbons of vapor. Tracy basked in the water, relishing the prickly fingers of hot water as it soothed the muscles of her body. Her red hair lay in wet, matted strings over her shoulders and breasts. Her eyelids were closed, hiding her deep, emerald green eyes. Tears squeeze from her eyes as the memory of the phone call echoed through her mind. It had been a woman’s voice on the other end of the line, and she had asked for Justin, Tracy’s husband. Tracy was high strung with emotions and the sound of that woman’s voice sparked the thought that her husband was cheating on her. The hardest part of it all for her to believe was that when Justin got home that night, Tracy confronted him with her fears. Justin didn’t hesitate in telling her that, yes, he was having an affair. She was so distraught over the news that she had kicked him out of the ho use after a lengthy screaming match. Now, Tracy sat in the tub, water to her chin, and her right hand on the ledge of the tub, fumbling lightly with a single edge razor blade. She opened her eyes and delicately ran her finger over the shinning blade. She’d teach Justin. One swipe of the blade and he’d be regretting ever sleeping around on her. She lifted the blade and brought it over to the opposite wrist. As her hand lifted off the edge of the tub, she notices something odd in the mirror. The mirror was completely steamed over with a white, hazy mist, and on the surface of the mirror, written in the condensation, was a short statement that made Tracy’s breath catch in her throat. DON’T DO IT, TRACY! Tracy jerked out of the water, splashing a bunch onto the floor. The statement was written in a loose, looping, and broken script, almost as if it had been written by a child. Before her eyes, the mirror steamed over again and the words disappeared. The razor drops into the water, forgotten. â€Å"Who did that?† she asked the room, knowing that nobody could have done it, she was alone in the house. â€Å"Who’s there?† She carefully gets out of the tub and wraps herself in a large, blue towel.

About BRU coffee Essay

BRU coffee is a part of Hindustan Lever and it is India’s largest and favourite coffee brand that offers a range of Indian and international coffee products. Since 1968, BRU has repetitively strived to bring varied types of authentic coffee with premium tastes to Indian consumers. After directing numerous coffee trials with coffee samples, they personally select the best coffee beans and freshly roast them to serve consumer a great cup of rich aromatic coffee, whether it’s coffee at home or at BRU World Cafà ©. It was launched in the year 1968 under the brand of â€Å"Brook Bond†. After its introduction as an instant coffee they came up with different varieties such as BRU Cappuccino, BRU Lite, BRU Cold Coffee, BRU Gold, BRU Roast and Ground etc. BRU has created and distributed a display of unique high-quality coffee blends since 1968. It is an astounding 800crore instant coffee segment in India. From instant and conventional coffees to a multiplicity of premixes, the rich aroma and exotic flavours of BRU coffees have made it India’s number one coffee brand. BRU’s market share as up to end of 2011 was 50.2% against Nescafe’s 49.2%. BRU-ad with love and merged with passion to make a perfect coffee recipe, BRU Coffee lets you discover the lovely moments of your life, with a flavour of happiness. AGGRESSIVE SUCCESS ACHIEVED IN SAME SEGMENT: 1) REVOLUTION IN NEW PRODUCT: BRU was known as master brand in serving coffee as they were able to give new aids to customers at every point on a regular basis. There one of the successful new product was the cappuccino packs. The new flavour was able to generate new thrust in the market and that help them to lead out the product in the market. The new flavours even encouraged hard-core tea lovers to try out these flavours and change their preferences towards the coffee. The best part was that these cappuccino was available in single serve sachets which provoked consumers to test the flavours. Another added innovation by BRU was when they launched the cold coffee variants into the market which again apprehended the attention of the consumers in high volume. Now, these thrusts in new product development roll out in an implicit way when customers accepted and started liking it. This was concluded when people roll out in malls and stores, they find that coffee section is full of  various flavours and packs of BRU which itself creates a positive vibration for the brand. 2) REVOLUTION IN PACKGING: Innovation in packaging was another critical factor that aided BRU’s success. The brand made the entry barrier low by launching small affordable SKUs. There are single serve and large packs at different price points making the brand affordable .The brand although is positioned as an aspirational brand is priced affordable thus making it a perfect example of a Masstige brand.

Cell Transport Lab

â€Å"Cell Transport Lab† Hypothesis: I hypothesis that there will be a movement of molecules out of the egg, and will move into the water solution. Osmosis will occur within the egg, and in the process the molecules of the egg will diffuse. Time (hrs)| Observations| Circumference (cm)| 0| * Egg is of normal weight and size * No membrane is being shown, and is almost perfect| * 14 centimeters| * 24| * Egg has gotten larger taking in some of the water * Shell is soft | * 15 centimeters| * 48| * It larger now than before, opaque in appearance * Firm to touch| * 16 centimeter| * 72| * Transparent almost see through, fluid inside is visible * It has become even more firm and hard| * 17 centimeters| Conclusion: 1. The egg changed exactly three centimeters in size from 14 centimeter, to 17 centimeters. 2.Yes my hypothesis was correct, osmosis occurred and the molecules in the egg transferred and in a result the egg took in water. 3. The type of transport that will occur within the e gg will be osmosis. Displacement occurred within the egg, when water was taken in within the egg. 4. The liquid goes through the membranes of lettuce or spinach cells and surges the overall firmness of the leaves. 5. What I think will happen to the egg if you put it in syrup, would be that the egg will egg deflate a little from the humongous state and go back to normal. Maybe the water will come out from the egg and go within the syrup somehow.

buy custom Infertility, its Causes and the Available Treatment essay

buy custom Infertility, its Causes and the Available Treatment essay Abstract Since earlier times, human race has wholly been concerned with multiplication and increase in number, this trend has been on the rise from the time the world was having only a single couple until now when the world census is clicking in tunes of six billion plus. Thus, inclusive in everyones mission, is the quest to have an offspring who would carry the mantle of the family lineage, wealth, name, family traditions, and cultural values. Nevertheless, behind this quest and ambitions, lies the psychological torture on couples who find themselves unable to produce their own offspring. This condition termed infertility has been on the rise amidst the overcrowded world population. The term infertility can be described to mean the incapability of a couple or an individual to conceive a kid or to bear pregnancy to full period. It can either be primary infertility or secondary infertility. Primary infertility is a condition that results when couples fails to conceive a child despite having co ntinued unprotected intercourse for a period exceeding one year. Secondary infertility on the other hand, is that condition that results when couples who have conceived once, fail to conceive any more. This study, in line with psychological health, seeks to explore infertility, its major causes, its effects on couples, and the available treatment (Lamanna, Riedmann, Riedmann, 2006, p. 287) The cause of infertility varies in males and females. According to the American Medical Association (2004), infertility in females occurs when several physiological functions of the body are not in place. This condition occurs when the fertilized eggs fail to align on the womb and the ovaries or egg producing organs have problems in creating eggs. If these conditions combine or occur singly in females. In females, infertility is caused by several factors, which can be singly or combined. The factors that cause infertility in females include excessive consumption of alcohol, development of tumor or cancerous growth in the body which hampers ovum development, birth defects that affect the reproductive tract, diabetes complications, excess or lack of hormones in ones body, excessive exercise, poor nutrition, old age, obesity, use of certain medications like chemotherapy drugs, blood clotting disorders, having growths in the body such as fibroids or polyps in the uterus and cervix, pelvic infection or pelvic inflammatory disease, thyroid disease, autoimmune disorders such as antiphospholipid syndrome, ovarian cysts and polycystic ovary syndrome and infection from sexually transmitted diseases or endometriosis. This signs presents severe crises in a woman who can eventually be faced with tremendous emotional, physical, and financial challenges Infertility in males is also caused by variety of factors either singly or combined. Infertility in males results when there is a considerable decrease in sperm count, a physical disorder such that sperms are being blocked from being released, and when the released sperms do not work properly. If two or all of these conditions manifest in a man, he will be considered as infertile and consequently unable to bear a child. In evaluating the causes of infertility in males, there are several factors that can combine or occur singly to bring about infertility. These factors include, too much smoking, body defects arising from birth, exposure to too much heat for a prolonged period of time, when the victims body has too much or too little hormones, if the victims is an addict of alcohol, marijuana or cocaine, if the victim is impotent, if the victim is getting old, if the victim has once been a consumer of certain drugs such as cimetidine, nitrofurantoin and spironolactone, if the person is suffering from a condition called retrograde ejaculation, if the person has once undergone cancer treatment that includes chemotherapy and radiation, if the victim person has once been a victim of sexually transmitted diseases, and if the victim is exposed to environmental pollutants such as DDT. Once again, all this factors also present severe psychological, financial, and physical challenges to a man (Jequier, 2000, p. 38). Psychological Causes and Consequences of Infertility Apart from the above infertility causative agents, psychological factors also play a greater role. There are some proposed mechanisms through which depression could affect infertility. This mechanism involves the physiological characteristics such as elevated prolactin levels, thyroid dysfunctions and in case; the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis is disturbed. In most cases, especially in women, the causes of depression are associated with abnormal regulation of hormones that regulates ovulation. These hormones are called luteinizing hormones. Stress is also known to cause changes in immune functions of the body; which in turn affects the reproduction function of the body leading to infertility (Covington Burns, 2006, p.7). The psychological effects have been reported to be one of the contributing factors of infertility among couples. Stress arising from the non-fulfillment of a desire for a baby has been allied with emotional factors such as anger, hopelessness, anxiety, marital problems, and feeling of irrelevance. Couples may perhaps turn out to be more concerned to conceive as luck would have it, escalating sexual dysfunction consequently leading to public seclusion. When couples are under pressure to make medical decision towards infertility, marital discord is bound to develop has been reported to breed sense of loss, stigma, and diminished self esteem, on every occasion the subject of fertility is raised. The response of male and females in regard to infertility differs considerably as study shows that women parades more intensity of sorrow compared to their male counter parts. The women often have clinical depression rates akin to those suffering from cancer or heart disease. Emotional tension and marital troubles are normally high in cases where the infertility is caused by the man. Hence, psychological infertility has devastatig impacts both to the victim and the victims partner. Infertility, which can cause confusion and segregation on the affected couples, has devastating complications. Majority often go through a series of intense feelings, as soon as they are detected to be having signs of infertility. Often, an individual will develop immense sadness on realizing his or her incapability. In most cases, the affected partner will in turn have the feeling of betrayal mixed with anger. Both the couple and other individuals will be grieved by the imaginations of foregone experiences and fantasies of having a child. The couples in particular will experience drastic change in their relationship. This often results from withdrawal from intimacy or the feeli ng of betrayal by fate. The feelings of guilt and self blame arises often arise in a case whereby one partner is identified as being the cause of infertility. Also, the partner who has been considered infertile will develop unknown phobia as he/she will feel that their relationship is threatened as the fertile partner is likely to leave any time when patience runs out (Covington Burns, 2006, p. 7). In addition, Infertility poses other effects on the victims social life and behaviors. The couples and individual found to be to victims of infertility normally isolate from friends, family members, and even colleagues. Often, the victims fear attending social events and functions since in such occasions, discussions concerning marriage life and fertility are likely to crop up. Also, during social functions, couples or individuals often gather with their children and hence, this is likely to psychologically affect the infertile victims. In such cases, socializing with friends who have families becomes very difficult and thus breeds psychological stress. These psychological stresses are influenced mainly by three factors in both men and women. First, there is a widespread notion that having children is a major achievement in life. Most women believe that a successful marriage is attributable to having children. This notion is the most important one in women as it highlights what succe ssful marriage is. With regards to this, often, women show strong desire to have babies than men. Secondly, female roles are prioritized by child bearing. This is the most important factor in males but of second to females. Always, there is that pressure from the peers that a mans wife has to bear a child in order to complete the marriage institution. Thirdly, couples sexual life can pose psychological effects. This has equal magnitude to both partners since sex is conceived in the mind and if the mind has been has the knowledge on the futility of such intercourse, then the mind will not rise to the occasion. The diagnosis of infertility may also have a noticeable consequence on relationship with others, particularly the partner. Anger may be aimed at a partner who is observed as the cause of the infertility or who does not appear to be appreciative, helpful, or committed to the same objective. Feelings of insufficiency can results to thoughts of leaving the fertile partner to bear a child with someone else. On the other hand, the infertile partner may fear neglect. The infertile individual may also be psychologically affected by suffering from low self-esteem and a feeling of failure, which not only remains restricted to the reproductive subject but lengthens to having feelings of general problem, lack of appeal, lack of femininity or masculinity, and an inability to be a suitable parent or partner (Alexander, Larosa, Bader, Alexander, Garfield, 2009, p.163). Infertility is like a battle and must not be fought alone; combined efforts of counseling and treatment can produce fruits. There is no specific procedures that has to be followed in the treatment of infertility since the causes of infertility varies considerably. Also, any attempt to treat an infertile person has to take into consideration the level of infertility such as secondary or primary, the sex of the victim, and the magnitude or the extent to which infertility has reached. In addition, the couples condition is examined to establish whether their state is either temporary or permanent. Permanent infertility occurs where there is a complete absence of egg producing organs in females and the complete absence of sperm producing organs in males (ODonohue, 2005, p. 224). The Psychological Treatment From the above described causes, the primary focus of infertility treatment is medical but it is importance to deal with the implications that infertility has couples mental health, and social life. In the light of these, the acknowledgement that infertility and its treatment are linked with psychological distress has resulted to the introduction of a small number of theoretically conducted psychotherapeutic interventions aimed at infertile couples experiencing assisted reproduction. Besides, marriage and family therapy is most beneficial when one is contemplating on how to undertake new treatment after the first one has failed, in a case where one needs extended family support and assistance, when one if faced with difficult medical decisions, when one is considering a third party assistance such as egg or sperm donation or surrogacy, and also when one is investigating other options of family building such as adoption. Marriage and family therapy are very helpful in cases where indi viduals or couples experience some or all of the factors including social isolation, suicidal thoughts, difficulty in concentrations and memory lapse, increased disagreements and discord in a relationship, strained interpersonal relationships with friends and family, and continual feeling of sadness, guilt, rejection, anger, and anxiety (Glick, Berman, Clarkin, 2000, p. 448). The marriage and family therapist can aid an infertile victim in many ways. Glick, Berman, Clarkin (2000) assert that, though it is impossible for a marriage therapist to offer an effective medical treatment to help a woman become pregnant, he or she can help a victim wade through the process and be able to communicate well as well as gain family support. Through the help of a therapist, the victim can get to learn better and acquire effficient ways of handling the issue in a confident manner. Through the directions of a marriage therapist, the affected couples can get to agree on the probable channel to use in solving their crisis. Due to the high rate of infertility in the previous decade, researchers have proposed that infertility treatment programs should incorporate an element of psychological treatment component, for instance, individual therapy. Group psychological interventions have been reported to be helpful by enhancing pregnancy rates among infertile women. Victims with major mood or anxiety disorders should be offered psychotherapy treatment and/ or psychotropic medication. Besides, a psychiatrist can assist affected couples by discovering alternative parenting options, incorporating adoption. The psychiatrist plays a vital role in encouraging affected couples to contribute in therapy, either jointly or individually. The psychiatric clinician is also responsible for psychiatric assessment, clarification of matters pertaining treatment decisions, facilitation of consensus between partners about treatment, assisting couples to tackle stresses associated with infertility treatments, referral of affected couples to support groups, provision of support through treatment holidays or after unproductive course of treatment and provision of psychopharmacological treatment (Glick, Berman, Clarkin, 2000, p. 448). A cognitive-behavioral intervention is a psychological treatment which is designed to instruct the infertile couple in effective coping and problem solving approaches. It also takes account of behavioral rehearsal, role-play, and reappraising dysfunctional cognitions. Besides, researchers of health psychology have proved that support strategies (individual, couple, and group interventions) are effective in assisting affected couples deal with stress, depression, anxiety. Evidence points out that cognitive-behavioral and psychophysiological intervention have their advantages for decreasing anxiety and depression among infertile women. Patient education, psycho-physiological and cognitive-behavioral interventions are commonly utilized in an infertility context (Covington Burns, 2006, p. 125). Medical Treatment The treatment of male victims who are infertile differs from females treatment since only a small portion of males who are sub-fertile and completely infertile are capable of undergoing a rational and effective treatment. Fertility drugs are the most generally used therapeutic agents for treating ovulatory dysfunction in females. Psychological treatment should also be provided along with medical treatment. In situations where the mans infertility problem is untreatable, the couples can opt to have a donor sperm insemination. On the other hand, egg donation is an alternative for women who do not react to ovarian stimulation. Additionally, medication can be provided to the donor and the infertile woman with the aim of synchronizing their cycles. The donor eggs can become fertilized with sperm by means of IVF or GIFT process and then reallocated to the infertile woman, who will then hold the pregnancy. With regards to the woman who is in a position to ovulate but cannot hold the pregnan cy, a fertilized egg may be inseminated in a surrogate mother who will afterwards hold the pregnancy (Fritz Speroff, 2010, p. 1158). The treatment of infertile males similar to females does not follow a single procedure but instead depends on the nature of the infertile conditions. After analysis of the victims medical history, he is subjected to various levels of diagnostic tests. In the first level, the semen is analyzed in accordance, hormonal measurement is performed, and the hormone testosterone is analyzed to ascertain its quantity. In the second level of diagnostic test, an examination of bacterial content and ultrasound is carried out on men with medical conditions. If the victim has chromosome abnormality signs, then genetic assessment is done. In the third level of diagnostic test, a process called testicular biopsy is done on the victims. Furthermore, a routine semen analysis is performed as a sperm function test. If the mans sperm are obstructed by thick cervical mucus attributable to infection, passage may be aided by treating the woman with antibiotics, or the cervix may be evaded by employing artifi cially insemination In addition, sexual therapy is vital for couples with sexual problems. For instance, a man with a small number of sperms can be advised to wear looser clothing so as to diminish testicular temperature or remove a varicoele. However, no hormonal treatments have been successful in raising the quantity of sperm. Researchers have found out that medication of infertility programs can give rise to couples engaging in consecutively painful and costly infertility treatments, often with little comprehension or formal concern of the medical and psychological effects of such approaches (ODonohue, 2005, p. 224). Conclusion Infertility, though termed by many as the inability to conceive a child or carry a pregnancy to complete full period, is not that bleak as people have come to term it. Infertile couples have been portrayed to pass through a series of stages involving astonishment, denial, anger, despair, grief, remorse, and acceptance or resolution. Those couples and individual found to be the victims of infertility should not isolate from friends, family members, and even colleagues or fear attending social events and functions on grounds that discussions concerning marriage life and fertility often arises. As seen from this study, there is not an infertile case that can be termed as hopeless and the victims should not handle the case alone. Combined efforts from family, friends, counselors, and doctors can yield the desired fruits. Treatment plans are generally aimed to alleviate the symptoms that infertile couples experience and enable them to cope with treatment and/ or the ultimate loss of hope for conception .This study has shown without reasonable doubt that infertility manifests in many ways and there is treatment for the same, medically, and also through proper counseling. Buy custom Infertility, its Causes and the Available Treatment essay

Use of Donde and Related Words for Where in Spanish

Use of Donde and Related Words for Where in Spanish Donde and related words and phrases are used in Spanish to indicate the concept of where. The different forms can be easy to confuse, and even native speakers dont always clearly distinguish between sound-alikes such as adonde and a donde. Here are the most common uses: Donde Donde typically functions as a relative pronoun following a noun or preposition. Its use is a bit broader than the English where, so it can sometimes be translated as which or in which. Note also that the English where often is used without a preposition even though the preposition is mandatory in Spanish, as the parenthetical words show: Es la casa donde nacià ³ mi madre. (Its the house where my mother was born.)El lugar donde vivimos nos hace quienes somos. (The place where we live makes us what we are.)Las escrituras son el espejo donde vemos el alma. (The scriptures are the mirror in which we see the soul.)Invierte tu dinero en donde està © tu corazà ³n.( Invest your money where your heart is.)No sà © de donde obtenà ­a ella el poder para ver el futuro. (I dont know from where she got the power to see the future. Note that the from in the translation could be omitted, while de in the Spanish sentence couldnt.)Fueron a donde estaban las chicas. (They went where the girls were. To in the translation is optional.)Viajo a donde los mapas terminan. (Im journeying to where the maps end.)Encontraron un lugar estratà ©gico desde donde se podà ­an controlar las caà ±ones. (They found a strategic place from which they could control the cannons.) Dnde Dà ³nde is similar to donde but is used in questions, indirect questions, and exclamations. If youre asking something that expresses the concept of where to and want to use the preposition a, use adà ³nde (see below), which is the equivalent of a dà ³nde, although the former is preferred. Note that dà ³nde without a preposition does not indicate movement:  ¿Dà ³nde comemos hoy? (Where are we eating today?_ ¿Dà ³nde en el web puedo crear mi cuenta? (Where on the web page can I create my account?) ¿De dà ³nde eres? (Where are you from?)No quiero saber dà ³nde has estado o que has visto. (I dont want to know where you have been or what you have seen.)i ¡Hacia dà ³nde vamos? (Where in the world are we going to?)No sà © dà ³nde est. (I dont know where he is.) Adonde Adonde usually functions as a relative adverb, typically following a location and followed by a verb of motion. Pueden escoger la escuela adonde quieren enviar a sus hijos. (You can choose the school where you want to send your children to.)Aquella es la playa adonde fuimos hace unos aà ±os. (That is the beach were we went to some years ago.)Estn en un remoto pueblo adonde viajaron para dar un concierto. (Theyre in a remote village where they went to give a concert.) Adnde Adà ³nde is used in direct and indirect questions to indicate motion toward a place:  ¿Adà ³nde vamos despuà ©s que morimos? (Where do we go to after we die?) ¿Adà ³nde sales con tus amigos? (Where are you leaving to with your friends?)No tengo la menor idea adà ³nde nos llevar. (I dont have the slightest idea where it will take us to.) Dondequiera Dondequiera (or, less commonly, adondequiera) is typically used as an adverb meaning anywhere, everywhere, or anyplace. It is sometimes spelled as two words: donde quiera. No habà ­a una escalera dondequiera. (There werent stairs anywhere.)Triunfaremos dondequiera que vamos. (We will triumph wherever we go.)Dondequiera que fue mi amigo, encontrà ³ problemas. (Wherever my friend went he ran into problems.)Dondequiera veo gente abrazandose y eso me hace sentir tan feliz. (Wherever I look I see people hugging each other than this makes me feel so happy.)Nos encontrarà ­amos caminando por dondequiera en el desierto sin propà ³sito ni direccià ³n. (We found ourselves walking everywhere in the desert without aim or purpose.) Although less common, donde sea is sometimes used in the same way: Irà © a donde sea que se me abra una puerta. (I will go to wherever a door opens for me.)Puedes comer saludable donde sea. (You can eat healthy anywhere.) For Beginners: What You Should Know First You can usually use  ¿dà ³nde? when asking where someone or something is. Use  ¿adà ³nde? when asking where someone is going:  ¿Dà ³nde est? Where are you? ¿Adà ³nde vas? Where are you going?

Customer comparision - Kohl's vs. Home Depot Essay

Customer comparision - Kohl's vs. Home Depot - Essay Example Both companies build customer value by offering customers both a wider range of channels, and more personalized treatment through the integration of channels. Recent years, US retailers have maintained high-speed growth through continuous optimization of its product/service mix and technological innovation. It has also realized rapid expansion through capital injections. The changes are closely connected with Internet facilities and WWW which opens international markets for these companies. Be in one of the most highly rated industries for stability and success, Home Depot and Kohl’s offer an opportunity to everyone who wants to change his home and personal style. Home Depot is a US based company. It is a leader in home improvement retail market. Today, Home Depot relies chiefly on an efficient technology innovation system and supply chain. Home Depot is â€Å"the second largest retailer operating over 1,700 stores in North America. The company operates Home Depot stores, Expo Design Centers, Home Depot Supply Stores, Home Depot Landscape Supply Stores, and Home Depot Floor Stores† (Speight, 2004). Kohl’s is a nationa l retailer proposing a wide range of products for the whole family: â€Å"our stores are stocked with everything you need for yourself and your home - apparel, shoes & accessories for women, children and men, plus home products like small electrics, bedding, luggage and more† (www.kohlcorporation.com). Target market of Home Depot involves professional users and non-professional users from middle classes. Home Depot â€Å"offers products and services primarily to builders, contractors, municipalities, industrial customers and maintenance professionals† (Hall, 2007). Kohl’s target audience also involves middle class consumers looking for high product quality and good service. Customers within the segment are similar to each other and dissimilar to other groups of customers in other segments. Today, Home Depot orients

Financial aid from parents' perspective Personal Statement

Financial aid from parents' perspective - Personal Statement Example However, there comes a time when the famous adage that goes: ‘the spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak’ already applies. It is in this regard that we seek financial assistance to support the educational pursuit of my eldest daughter, who is currently in the United States, taking up a degree in music, focusing particularly on harnessing her musical skills in playing the flute. The global financial crisis still reverberates in vast parts of the world and has significantly impacted various facets of life, especially the daily cost of living and educational expenses, among others. The cost of higher education, for one, has significantly increased and the current amount of income that we are earning is not sufficient to support the academic requirements of my daughter in the United States. She has unselfishly reiterated that she would make all the necessary sacrifices to make ends meet. As parents, our hearts could not imagine the ordeal she must sustain for the sake of completing her education. Her commitment and drive to complete her degree in the States was made possible through the academic institution’s acknowledgement of her exemplary musical talent and genuine acumen in playing the flute. We honestly believe that she would be an instrumental contributor to the world of music as she shares the passion in music to others. Our fervent hope is that our support could be assisted with the much needed financial aid which would fulfill my daughter’s dream. We would forever be indebted to your assistance and rest assured that the funds would not only be a means to complete my daughter’s education; but it would actually provide opportunity for a Korean to excel and be acknowledged in this field of endeavor on a global